Water and Seawater

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Water and Seawater

• Unusual material

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Thermal Properties

• Found in solid, liquid and gas form on Earth
• What happens as heat is added or subtracted from
  water?
• What is so special about water (and seawater) in
  this regard?

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Flat areas latent heat
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Thermal Properties, cont.

• Very high HEAT CAPACITY
• Heat balance of earth evaporation and
  condensation at ocean surface

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Salinity

• Basic definition
• Important components
• Cl-
• Na
• SO4--
• Mg
• Ca
• K

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Salinity other aspects

• Principle of constant proportions
• What adds and removes salt from oceans? (see page
  148, figure 5.19)
• Steady State (assumption) in out

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Steady state in terms of salinity
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• Residence time of a dissolved constituent What
  does it mean?
• Acidity of seawater
• Surface salinity vs. latitude balance between
  evaporation and precipitation

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Desalination

• A source of potable water
• Methods distillation, membranes, freeze
  separation

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Density

• Influence of temperature, salinity, pressure
• Extremely important in ocean
• Surface ocean, transition zone, deep ocean