Los%20sustantivos

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Los sustantivos

• Nouns

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Gender of nouns

• 1. Most nouns that end in o are masculine
  while most nouns that end in a are feminine.
• Masculine Feminine
• El perro La gatita
• El gato La jirafa

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Gender of nouns

• 2. Many nouns that refer to male beings end in o
  or or. The feminine counterparts are a and
  ora.
• Masculine Feminine
• El chico La chica
• El profesor La profesora

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Gender of nouns

• 3. Nouns that refer to people and end in e or
  ista are masculine and feminine. Gender can be
  specified by articles.
• Masculine Feminine
• El artista La artista
• El estudiante La estudiante

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Gender of nouns

• 4. Nouns ending in ión, dad, and tad are
  usually feminine.
• La lección
• La comunidad
• La libertad

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• 5. Nouns that end in ma or s are usually
  masculine.
• El clima
• El problema
• El programa
• El autobús
• El país

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Gender of nouns

• 6. Nouns ending in e (that do not refer to
  people) may be masculine or feminine. You will
  have to learn these on a case by case basis.
• Masculine Feminine
• El elefante La serpiente
• El arte La clase

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Gender of nouns

• Lets practice. Which of these nouns are
  masculine? feminine?
• _____ zanahoria
• _____ abuelo
• _____ regla
• _____ falda
• _____ horario

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Plural of nouns

• 1. If a noun ends in a vowel, add s to form the
  plural.
• Singular Plural
• La jirafa Las jirafas
• El perro Los perros
• El elefante Los elefantes

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Plural of nouns

• 2. If a noun ends in a consonant, add es to form
  the plural.
• Singular Plural
• La actividad Las actividades
• El autobús Los autobuses

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Plural of nouns

• 3. If a noun ends in z, change the z to c,
  then add es.
• Singular Plural
• El lápiz Los lápices

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Plural of nouns

• 4. You use the masculine plural form of the noun
  to refer to a group that includes both males and
  females.
• 2 chicos 2 chicas 4 chicos

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Plural of nouns

• Lets practice. Can you say these nouns in the
  plural form?
• Galleta
• Papel
• Muchacho
• Noche
• Nariz
• 2 pasajeros 4 pasajeras ?

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Definite articles

• There are four definite articles in Spanish.
• Use the definite articles to talk about specific
  nouns.
• Each of these articles means the.

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Definite articles
Singular Plural
Masculine El Los
Feminine La Las
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Definite articles

• Lets practice. Write the definite articles next
  to the nouns.
• _______ pizarra
• _______ hermanos
• _______ tío
• _______ camisetas
• _______ queso
• _______ abuela

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Indefinite articles

• There are four indefinite articles in Spanish
• Use indefinite articles to refer to unspecified
  people or things.
• Un and una can mean a or an.
• Unos and unas can mean some or a few.

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Indefinite articles
Singular Plural
Masculine Un Unos
Feminine Una Unas
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Indefinite articles

• Lets practice. Write the indefinite articles
  next to the nouns.
• _______ carpeta
• _______ plátano
• _______ servilletas
• _______ platos
• _______ tíos
• _______ prima