Review%20of:%20adjective%20agreement,%20ser,%20nouns%20

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Review ofadjective agreement,ser,nouns
articles
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Adjective Agreement

• Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns.
• In Spanish, they agree with the noun
• in number (singular/plural)
• in gender (masculine/feminine)

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Adjective Agreement

• Adjectives usually come after the noun described.
• a tall boy un chico alto
• the red housela casa roja
• the big books
• los libros grandes

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Adjective Agreement

• Adjectives that end in o have 4 forms Example
  alto

Singular Plural
Masculine alto altos
Feminine alta altas
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Adjective Agreement

• Adjectives that end in e only have 2 forms Ex
  inteligente

Singular Plural
Masculine inteligente inteligentes
Feminine inteligente inteligentes
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Adjective Agreement

• Adjectives that end in a consonant have 2 forms
  as well.
• Example azul

Singular Plural
Masculine azul azules
Feminine azul azules
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Adjective Agreement

• EXCEPTION If the adjective ends in -or, then
  you add an a for the feminine form so it has 4
  forms. Example trabajador

Singular Plural
Masculine trabajador trabajadores
Feminine trabajadora trabajadoras
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Adjective Agreement

• EXCEPTION If the adjective ends in -ista, then
  it only has 2 forms. Example
  deportista

Singular Plural
Masculine deportista deportistas
Feminine deportista deportistas
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Ser

• Ser is used to
• identify people and things
• tell time, day, dates
• professions
• origin (de)
• possession/ownership
• relationship

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Ser

• Ser is used to
• describe people and things

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Ser

• The verb ser is used when describing people.

somos
soy
eres
sois
es
son
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Ser

• The verb ser is used when describing people.

We are
I am
You are
you are
you (pl.) are
You are He/She is
they are
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Nouns and Articles

• All Spanish nouns are either masculine or
  feminine.
• Most nouns that refer to males are masculine.
• Most nouns that refer to females are feminine.
• el actor / la actriz

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Nouns and Articles

• The definite articles (the) are

Singular Plural
Masculine el los
Feminine la las
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Nouns and Articles

• The indefinite articles (a, an or some) are

Singular Plural
Masculine un unos
Feminine una unas
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Nouns and Articles

• Most nouns that end in the following letters are
  masculine
• -o, -or, -ón, -ma/-pa

el sombrero el profesor el cinturón
el problema el mapa el trabajador
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Nouns and Articles

• Most nouns that end in the following letters are
  feminine
• -a, -ción/sión, -dad/-tad

la camisa la natación la televisión
la verdad la libertad
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Nouns and Articles

• The gender of nouns with other endings is learned
  through practice.

el reloj la clase
el lápiz (los lápices) la gente
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Nouns and Articles

• And of coursethere are irregulars

el día la mano
la flor
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Nouns and Articles

• Lastly, -ista words always end in -ista

el artista la artista

• Picasso es un artista talentoso.
• Notice that the agreement remains.

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Accents

• Rule 1
• Nouns that end in a vowel, n or s have an oral
  stress on the second to last syllable.
• hablo, joven, libros, casa

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Accents

• Rule 2
• Nouns that end in a consonant (other than n/s)
  have a stress on the last syllable.
• azul, cartel,

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Accents

• When some nouns are made plural, accents may be
  added or dropped in order to keep the same sound.
  
• An accent mark is only used to tell you to break
  the rule.

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• el joven rule says to pronounce this work with
  an oral stress on the 2nd to last syllable. (the
  o)
• el joven ? jóvenes
• Butwhen joven is made plural it is altering
  the sound. In order to stop this from happening
  you add the accent mark to break the rule above
  the original sound which is the o.

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Accents

• el examen ? los exámenes
• Sometimes it happens the other way around so
  accent mark is no longer needed
• la lección ? las lecciones
• el autobús ? los autobuses