Gender Stereotypes: Masculinity and Femininity

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Gender StereotypesMasculinity and Femininity

• Chapter 3

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Chapter Overview

1. Survey
2. Quiz
3. Origins of Gender Stereotypes
4. Conceptualizing and Measuring Masculinity and
   Femininity
5. The Process and Implications of Stereotyping
6. Considering Diversity

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I. Surveys see Hand-out packet
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II. Quiz
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True

• 1. The Industrial Revolution is greatly
  responsible for womens subordinate status.

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According to the textbook, False

• 2. Women are naturally more religious and
  virtuously than men.

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True

• 3. The best way to demonstrate manhood is to not
  show any feminine traits.

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According to R.W. Connells research (1995),
true.

• 4. Industrialization, world exploration, and
  civil wars form the basis for modern masculinity.

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True

• 5. Children begin to stereotype people according
  to their gender at about the age of three years.

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False

• 6. Masculinity and femininity are easy to
  measure.

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False

• 7. Using the terms instrumental and
  expressive in place of masculine and
  feminine has made it easier to measure
  masculinity and femininity.

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True

• 8. When considering
• traits,
• behaviors,
• physical characteristics, and occupations,
• people perceive men and women to be most
  dissimilar in their physical characteristics.

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True

• 9. People give masculine traits more positive
  ratings than feminine traits.

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True

• 10. Just admitting that one belongs to a
  stereotyped group can lower ones performance on
  a test.

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III. Origins of Stereotypes

• Definitions
• Directed free-writing
• Where did the stereotypes come from?
• What are women supposed to be like?
• What are men supposed to be like?
• Group Discussion
• Class Discussion

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A. Definitions

1. Stereotype
2. Prejudice
3. Discrimination

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III. Origins of Stereotypes

• Definitions
• Directed free-writing
• Where did the stereotypes come from?
• What are women supposed to be like?
• What are men supposed to be like?
• Group Discussion
• Class Discussion
• What the book says

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• IV. Conceptualizing Masculinity and Femininity
  Separate Spheres

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• Female Stereotypes The Cult of True Womanhood
• The Cult of True Womanhood held that the
  combination of purity, piety, submissiveness, and
  domesticity provided the promise of happiness and
  power to the Victorian woman, and without these
  no woman's life could have real meaning.

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Pious
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Submissive
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Domestic
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Purity
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Male Stereotypes
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• Give em Hell
• Pg. 61

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• Sturdy Oak

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• Big Wheel
• Pg. 61

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Frankdont do that.

• No Sissy Stuff

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IV. Conceptualizing and Measuring Masculinity and
Femininity

• B. Appearance is the overriding factor of
  traits, behaviors, appearance, occupations.
• (Deaux Lewis, 1984)
• C. Male characteristics receive more positive
  ratings.
• (Broverman, Vogel, Broverman, Clarkson,
  Rosenkrantz, 972)
• D. Women receive more favorable evaluations
  than men.

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• Attitude Changes
• Egalitarianism for women (Spence Hahn, 1997)
• More liberal attitudes gender roles for women
  (Bolzendahl Myers, 2004)

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• D. A Discouraging Word
• Women are ambivalent negative toward men
• Hostility toward men and male gender roles
• Admiration and attraction
• (Stephan, Stephan, Demitriakis, Yamada,
  Clarkson, 2000)
• Attitudes result from negative contacts with men
  more than stereotypes.
• (Stephan, Stephan, Demitriakis, Yamada,
  Clarkson, 2000)
• 3. Women believe men hold more bias for women
  than men express.
• (Edmonds Cahoon,1993)

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V. The Process and Implications of Stereotyping

• Walk-about
• Whats good about stereotyping?
• Whats bad about stereotyping?

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Benevolent Sexism
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• B. Research results
• Prejudice, discrimination, self-defeating
  beliefs or stereotype threat (Steele Aronson,
  1995 (Koenig Eagly, 2005)
• Benevolent Sexism gt increased feelings of worth
  for those in the in-group
• Women receive more favorable evaluations than men.

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VI. Considering Diversity

• Hispanic students
• Women are more successful in school.
• To men, ethnic identities was an obstacle
• Universal Stereotypes
• Male adventurous, dominant, forceful,
  independent, masculine, strong
• Female sentimental, submissive, superstitious