Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

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Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars
tomorrow
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How it works
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Benefits

• Environmentally friendly
• Potentially less expensive and more efficient
• Alternate source of energy
• Completely replaces gasoline in transportation
• Stabilize the economy

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Negatives

• Expensive in the beginning
• Needs more advances in storage of hydrogen
• Needs advances in producing hydrogen
• Needs advances in the membrane
• There is not a nationwide refueling
  infrastructure

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Environmentally Friendly

• Does not create any greenhouse gases
• Does not cause global warming
• Only byproduct is water vapor

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Needs Advances in producing Hydrogen

• Currently the production from natural gas and
  petroleum creates greenhouse gases
• Two other ways to make hydrogen are through
  electrolysis by splitting water into hydrogen and
  oxygen, or through a thermochemical reaction in
  nuclear power plants

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Continued

• Electrolysis involves adding electricity to
  water, which separates the hydrogen and oxygen
• hydrogen created without greenhouse gases as
  byproduct.
• However no industry of large scale exist

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Continued

• Heat from nuclear reaction creates a
  thermochemical reaction that split water
  molecules into base elements.
• In addition the electricity created by the power
  plant can be used to create more hydrogen through
  electrolysis.
• However, dangers of a nuclear power plants have
  stifled this idea.

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Cost and efficiency

• 1 gallon of gas 1kg of hydrogen
• 1kg of hydrogen 75 miles,
• 1 gallon of gas costs 4,
• 1 kg hydrogen costs 6-10. However hydrogen
  could potentially cost only 2-4 per kg.
• Current gasoline engines work at 30 efficiency
• Hydrogen fuel-cells work upwards of 50
  efficiency.

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• Hydrogen stored in tanks that will hold 2.5 to
  3.5 kg. and go about 200 miles
• Desired distance is about 400 miles.
• Scientist have 3 theories as to how they can
  double the amount of storage of hydrogen.

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continued

• Liquid state
• Pressurized state
• Compressed gas state
• However, they have not made much progress in
  perfecting any of these states.

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• Another problem is the membrane.
• 1) The membrane is currently very expensive to
  produce
• 2) The membranes are not as efficient as they
  could be
• 3) The membrane only lasts 2,000 hours, it needs
  to be around 4,000 hours.

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Alternate source of energy

• Hydrogen will completely replace gasoline in the
  transportation industry
• Can be used as a generator for nearby households
  or business
• A hydrogen car stores enough energy to power a
  nearby home, which results in a more energy
  efficient environment

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Stabilizes Economy

• With the transition over to hydrogen for all of
  our transportation needs around 66 percent of our
  annual oil consumption will be cut.
• This will relieve our needs for foreign oil and
  therefore lower the price of oil, which could
  help stabilize the economy.

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No Hydrogen Fuel Infrastructure

• Only 100 hydrogen refueling station in the U.S.,
  most are in New York and California.
• There needs to be around 12000 stations costing
  1 million each.
• Chicken or the egg problem, people wont buy
  cars without fueling stations and fueling station
  wont build without people buying hydrogen
  fuel-cell cars.

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Implementing Hydrogen Fuel-cells cars into the
economy

• Government should increase grants for the
  advancement of hydrogen fuel-cell cars.
• Once prototype is ready government should provide
  incentives in order to have consumers buy this
  new technology and the creation of a new hydrogen
  fuel infrastructure

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Finances

• In the next 30 years it will cost about 1.3
  trillion for the expansion of the North American
  gasoline economy.
• About 300 billion for oil refineries,that will
  most likely be replaced by hydrogen facilities.
• It will cost several hundred billion to produce
  these hydrogen infrastructures as well, so by
  cutting down on the amount spent on building oil
  refineries and pipelines we would be able to use
  it towards building hydrogen facilities and save
  hundreds of billions of dollars.

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Globe Progression

• Many industrialized countries have given grants
  and encouraged the advancements of hydrogen
  fuel-cell cars.
• However the amount of money given doesnt meet
  the amount of money needed to make hydrogen
  fuel-cell cars a near future reality.