OT Survey II

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• OT Survey II
• Ezekiel

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Canonical Review Zoomed Out
Document Gods Choosing of Israel and Preserve
their Constitution Document Gods repeated
acts of mercy and demonstrate His justice in
bringing the covenant curses. Demonstrate Gods
justice in bringing the covenant curses and
provide hope for the future. Encourage and
instruct the waiting remnant until the day of
restoration. Document Gods Choosing those in
the church and Preserve their Constitution
1) Torah 2) Former Prophets 3) Latter
Prophets 4) Writings 5) New Testament
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Canonical Review Zoomed In

• Torah
• Gods brings judgment in response to the sin of
  mankind but promises to bring restoration in the
  future.
• God selects Abraham and Israel as His special
  possession through whom He will bless the world.
• God makes a covenant with Abraham and Israel and
  brings them into the land He has promised for
  them.
• Former Prophets (Joshua Kings)
• Israel responds to Gods grace with more and more
  rebellion. God responds to Israels rebellion
  with covenant discipline.
• Yet, God over and over again (2nd generation,
  Joshua, Samuel, David) has compassion and renews
  covenant with the nation.
• Eventually, however, God refuses to show further
  compassion (remember Elijah/sha?) and Israel is
  exiled.
• Latter Prophets
• Israels wickedness is demonstrated in a variety
  of ways and times
• God warns the wicked and instructs the righteous
  remnant
• God declares his plans to one day restore Israel

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Canonical Review Zoomed In Again

• Isaiah
• God is holy and must judge the sinfulness of
  Israel
• God will judge the sinfulness of Israel through a
  coming nation
• A proper response to this is seen in Isaiah 6
• Improper responses include trusting in other
  nations (and other gods)
• Hezekiah exemplifies both responses thus,
  Assyria will not be the exiling nation, but
  Babylon will
• A future king will perfectly exemplify the proper
  response (the king who was there in Isaiah 6!)
• God will bring Israel out of exile, make
  atonement for their sins, and judge rebels
• God tells Israel this in advance so they will
  trust in Him

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Canonical Review Zoomed In Again

• Jeremiah
• Isaiah said Babylon was coming, Jeremiah says,
  Theyre here!
• God has determined to punish Jerusalem
  therefore, people should submit to Babylon.
• Plans to scheme around this judgment (e.g., going
  to or trusting in Egypt) will not work (didnt
  they read Isaiah?)
• A new low Instead of scheming around Gods
  judgment, the people merely disbelieve God He
  will not judge (that is the false prophets
  talking, not God!)
• God will judge the arrogant nations delighting in
  Israels fall in particular, He will judge
  Babylon itself!
• God will one day once again have compassion on
  Israel and renew covenant nay, he will make a
  NEW covenant!
• Jeremiah 52 The fall of Jerusalem

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Hosea, Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel
AFTER 586 If you will indeed stay in this land,
then I will build you up and not tear you down,
and I will plant you and not uproot you for I
shall relent concerning the calamity that I have
inflicted on you. Do not be afraid of the king of
Babylon, whom you are now fearing do not be
afraid of him, declares the LORD, for I am with
you to save you and deliver you from his hand. I
will also show you compassion, so that he will
have compassion on you and restore you to your
own soil. But if you
BEFORE 586 "Behold, I set before you the way of
life and the way of death. He who dwells in this
city will die by the sword and by famine and by
pestilence but he who goes out and falls away to
the Chaldeans who are besieging you will live,
and he will have his own life as booty. For I
have set My face against this city for harm and
not for good," declares the LORD. It will be
given into the hand of the king of Babylon, and
he will burn it with fire. (Jer 218-10)
AFTER 586 (cont) are going to say, We will not
stay in this land, so as not to listen to the
voice of the LORD your God, saying, No, but we
will go to the land of Egypt, where we shall not
see war or hear the sound of a trumpet or hunger
for bread, and we will stay there then in that
case listen to the word of the LORD, O remnant of
Judah. Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of
Israel, If you really set your mind to enter
Egypt, and go in to reside there, then it will
AFTER 586 (cont) come about that the sword,
which you are afraid of will overtake you there
in the land of Egypt and the famine, about which
you are anxious, will follow closely after you
there in Egypt and you will die there. So all
the men who set their mind to go to Egypt to
reside there will die by the sword, by famine,
and by pestilence and they will have no
survivors or refugees from the calamity that I am
going to bring on them. For thus says the LORD
of hosts, the God of Israel, As My
AFTER 586 (cont) anger and wrath have been
poured out on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so My
wrath will be poured out on you when you enter
Egypt. And you will become a curse, an object of
horror, an imprecation, and a reproach and you
will see this place no more. The LORD has spoken
to you, O remnant of Judah, Do not go into
Egypt! You should clearly understand that today
I have testified against you. (Jer 4210-19)
As the wood of the vine among the trees of the
forest, which I have given to the fire for fuel,
so have I given up the inhabitants of Jerusalem
(Ezek 156)
Ezekiel
I will deliver you and this city from the hand
of the king of Assyria. I will defend this city.
(Isa 386)
I will no longer show compassion to the house of
Israel, that I should forgive them but, I will
show compassion to the house of Judah and will
save them by the LORD their God, not by bow,
sword, battle, horses, or horsemen (Hos 16b-7)
Although I have cast them far off among the
Gentiles, and although I have scattered them
among the countries, yet I shall be a little
sanctuary for them in the countries where they
have goneI will gather you from the peoples,
assemble you from the countries where you have
been scattered, and I will give you the land of
Israel. (Ezek 1116-17)
Hosea
The time will surely come when everything in
your palace, and all that your fathers have
stored up until this day, will be carried off to
Babylon. Nothing will be left, says the LORD.
(Isa 396)
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Map taken from Ezekiel, NICOT, p. xxi
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Ezekiels Message

• Present
• Babylon will succeed Israel will be exiled
• God will be with them in exile
• Future
• God will restore them in the land
• God will dwell with them again in the land

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Structure

• Ezekiels call (1-3)
• Judgment against Israel (4-24)
• Judgment against the nations (25-32)
• Restoration of Israel (33-48)
• Future Restoration in the Land (33-39)
• Future Restoration of the Temple (40-48)

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Major Themes

• Glory of Yahweh
• Ezekiels focus
• Isaiah Gods holiness
• Jeremiah Gods sovereignty
• Ezekiel Gods glory
• Its awe
• Ezekiel prostrate before it (128 323)
• Enlightens the earth, fills the new temple (432,
  5 444)
• Contrasted with Ezekiel as son of man (
  human)
• Its location
• Gods glory related to His immediate presence ?
• Appears to Ezekiel in Babylon! (128 323)
• Leaves Jerusalem (84 93 104, 18, 19 1122,
  23)
• God a sanctuary for them in exile (1116)
• Among the nations executing judgment (3921)
• Returns to Jerusalem (432-5 444)

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Major Themes (cont)

• The Temple
• Israels desecration of it (8-11)
• Gods desertion of it (511 8-11)
• Exiles need of it (1116)
• Future restoration of it (40-48)
• Cf. Exodus Temple design after making of
  Sinaitic Covenant
• Knowledge of Yahweh
• The slain will fall among you Israel, and you
  will know that I am Yahweh (67)
• I will execute judgments on Moab, and they will
  know that I am Yahweh (2511)
• Then they Israel will know that I am the LORD,
  when I have broken the bars of their yoke and
  have delivered them from the hand of those who
  enslaved them (3427)
• The nations will know that I am Yahweh who
  sanctifies Israel (3728)
• Reason why God gathers Gog (3823 396, 7, 22,
  28)

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Major Themes (cont)

• Spirit
• Moving the glory of Yahweh (spirit of the living
  beings) (112, 20, 21 1017)
• Spirit of Yahweh Moves Ezekiel (22 312, 14,
  24 83 111, 5, 24 371 435)
• False prophets follow their own spirit (133)
• New spirit an essential part of the New Covenant
  (1119 3626-27 3714 3929 cf. 1831)

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Purpose

• To convince dispersed Israel that
• God would certainly exile Israel and allow
  Babylon to destroy Jerusalem.
• God would be present with them during their exile
  and one day live among them again in the midst of
  the promised land.

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Ezekiel and the New Testament

• Unlike Isaiah, the NT does not often quote from
  Ezekiel.
• However, the imagery of Ezekiel likely lies
  behind several NT texts, especially those of John
• John 35 Jesus answered, "I tell you the truth,
  no one can enter the kingdom of God unless he is
  born of water and the Spirit (cf. Ezek 3625-26
  I will sprinkle clean water on you, I will give
  you a new heart and put a new spirit within you).
• John 10 The Good Shepherd (Ezek 3411-16)
• Revelation 1917ff Great supper of God (Ezek
  3917-20)
• Revelation 207ff Gog and Magog (Ezek 38-39)
• Revelation 21-22 Many allusions to Ezekiel 40-48

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Next Week
Daniel