PHRASES

1
PHRASES

• There will be a Phrases Quiz on Tuesday, October
  21st. Add this somewhere to the top of your
  graphic organizer.

2
What is a preposition?

• A preposition is a word that shows the
  relationship between a noun or a pronoun and
  another word in the sentence.

3
What is a preposition?

• Examples
• behind the tree
• beside the tree
• under the tree
• in the tree
• toward the tree
• past the tree
• above the tree
• inside the tree
• alongside the tree

4
What is a preposition?

• Your Writing Coach textbook lists prepositions on
  pages 346 and 347.
• (You should write that down on your graphic
  organizer somewhere.)

5
What is a prepositional phrase?

• A prepositional phrase includes a preposition, a
  noun or pronoun called the object, and any
  modifiers of that object.
• Example among the students

6
Remember the To Rule

• If to is followed by a noun or a pronoun, it is
  a preposition.
• Example He went to the gala.
• If "to" is followed by a verb, it is an
  infinitive.
• Example He went to get his date.

7
Prepositions vs. Adverbs

• A preposition will have an object after it. An
  adverb will NOT!
• Which is which?
• (1) He sat inside the house.
• (2) He sat inside.

8
Compound Prepositions

• A common compound preposition is made up of more
  than one preposition.
• Example in front of
• in addition to
• instead of

9
Guided Practice

• 1. Lieutenant Robert Peary and Matthew Henson
  reached the North Pole (in 1909).
• 2. Lieutenant Peary looked (for the North Pole)
  (for many years).
• 3. Mathew Henson traveled (with him) (on every
  expedition) (except the first one).
• 4. However, (for a long time), Henson received no
  credit (for his role).
• 5. Peary had hired Henson (as his servant) (on a
  trip) (to Nicaragua).
• 6. There, Peary discovered that Henson had
  sailing experience and could also chart a path
  (through the jungle).
• 7. (As a result), Peary asked Henson to join his
  Arctic expedition.
• 8. The two explorers became friends (during their
  travels) (in the North).
• 9. (On the final push) (to the North Pole),
  Henson was the only other American who went (with
  Peary).
• 10. Yet because Peary was leader of the
  expedition, he received all the credit (for the
  discovery).
• 11. Finally, (after many years), Henson was
  honored (by Congress, Marylands state
  government, and two U.S. presidents).

10
Adjective Phrases

• What is an adjective phrase?
• A prepositional phrase used as an
• adjective it modifies a noun or a
• pronoun.

11
Adjective Phrases

• Adjective phrases answer TWO questions
• 1. What kind? - People with bad tempers are
  unpleasant. (modifies noun)
• 2. Which one? - My new boyfriend is the cute one
  on the stage. (modifies pronoun)

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Adjective Phrases

• They usually follow the word they
• modify, which could be the object of a
• prepositional phrase
• The snow (on the grass) (in the meadow) has
  melted.

13
Adjective Phrases

• They may modify the same word.
• The students (at OMMS) (on the white team) are
  great.

14
Guided Practice

• 1. The boy (with the water bottle) plays
  basketball well.
• 2. The girl (with the trumpet) gives us a
  headache.
• 3. The Senior class (of 2003) is already planning
  a spectacular class trip.
• 4. The key (to the car) is lost.
• 5. A feeling (of excitement) pervades the school.
• 6. The radio towers (with lightening rods) were
  visible as far as the eye could see.
• 7. My friend (with short hair) came over after
  school.
• 8. A crowd (of angry people) gathered outside the
  store.
• 9. All the schools (in Shelby County) are great
  schools.
• 10. That handsome young man is an employee (of my
  dad).

15
Adverb Phrases

• What is an adverb phrase?
• A prepositional phrase used as an adverb it
  modifies a verb,
• an adjective or another adverb

16
Adverb Phrases

• They may be located anywhere in the sentence.
• The teacher spoke (to the student) (after class).
• (After class), the teacher spoke (to the student).

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Adverb Phrases

• Adverb phrases answer five questions
• 1. How? - She accepted the invitation (with
  pleasure).
• 2. When? - Father plays golf (on Saturday
  mornings).
• 3. Where? - I dived (into the water).
• 4. Why? - The men play golf (for exercise).
• 5. To what extent? - Dad is older (by a year).

18
Guided Practice

• 1. Josh left the game (at ten o'clock).
• 2. (On the mountain) stands a little cottage.
• 3. Sally is courteous (in many ways).
• 4. The boys were standing (on their hands).
• 5. Julia does extra math problems (for practice).
• 6. The film was made (in Spain).
• 7. The parade moved (down the street).
• 8. Is Kayla going (to the shopping center) (down
  the street)?
• 9. Wesley took these pictures (with a panorama
  camera).
• 10. A group from our school is going (to
  Washington).