Male Reproductive System

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Male Reproductive System

• The human body in health and illness

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Test Diagram of Male Reproduction
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Male Reproduction
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Testes

• The most important part of the male reproductive
  system are the Testicles (Gonads)

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Male Reproductive System

• Sperm
• Production
• Nourishment
• Transportation

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Gonads

• The testes evolve from prenatal sex cells called
  Gonads

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Gonads

• The Gonads begin their development within the
  abdominal cavity and usually descend into the
  scrotum during the last 2 months of fetal
  development.
• Failure to descend is called cryptorchidism
• A condition that could result in sterility

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Testicles

• The two major functions of the testes
• Production of Sperm
• Secretion of Testosterone

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Testes

• Testes located outside the body and are suspended
  in a sac called the scrotum

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Scrotum

• THE SCROTUM is pouch like structure that houses
  the testes and regulates temperature.
• This is done in two ways
• 1) Sweating
• 2) Cremasteric Muscle

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Scrotum

• Sperm cannot live at body temperature (98.6)
• Sperm prefers the temperature of the scrotum
  (93.2)
• Cold environment the scrotum with the assistance
  of the cremasteric muscle contracts the testes
  closer to the body maintaining 93.2 degrees
• Warm environment Cremasteric muscle relaxes
  allowing the testes farther from the body
  maintaining 93.2 degrees

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Sperm Temperature

• Tight underwear or jeans can elevate the
  temperature of the testes thereby lowering the
  sperm count

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Spermatogenesis
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Lobules

• The testes are seperated and divided into Lobules
• Lobules are made up of
• Seminiferous Tubules
• Epididymis.

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Seminiferous Tubules

• Seminiferous tubules, which is where the actual
  production of sperm takes place.

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Epididymis

• After spermatogenesis the sperm pass into the
  epididymis for collection and storage
• While in the epididymis the sperm become fertile
  and develop the ability to move
• The walls of the epididymis contract forcing
  sperm into the vas deferens

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Vas Deferens

• A continuation of the epididymis which travels
  through the abdominal cavity and connects with
  the duct of the seminal vesicle
• Vasectomy
• A cutting of the Vas Deferens causing infertility

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Urethra

• Extends from the base of the bladder to the tip
  of the penis
• Carries urine from the bladder to the outside
• Carries semen from Seminal Vesicle to the outside

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Bulbourethral Gland (Cowper Gland)

• During sexual arousal the gland produces a clear,
  viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate.
• This fluid helps to lubricate the urethra for
  sperm to pass through.
• It also neutralizing traces of acidic urine in
  the urethra,and helps flush out any residual
  urine or foreign matter.

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Seminal Vesicles

• Located at the base of the bladder
• Secretes a thick yellowish material rich in sugar
  and vitamin C to activate and nourish the sperm

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Penis

• The penis is the male sex organ for intercourse
  and also serves as a urine draining organ.

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HORMONAL FUNCTION

• The reproductive system is controlled by the
  pituitary gland (Master Gland)
• In the male, the pituitary gland secretes two
  main hormones
• FSH FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE
• ICSHINTERSTITIAL CELL STIMULATING HORMONE

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Follicle Stimulating Hormone

• Stimulates the testes to produce sperm cells

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Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone

• Stimulates testes to produce the primary sex
  hormone, testosterone

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Testosterone

• Testosterone is the male primary sex hormone.
• It is responsible for the male secondary sexual
  characteristics
• Voice Change
• Masculine Features
• Muscle Development
• Hair Growth
• Attracted to the opposite sex