Grammar

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Grammar Unit 51Auxiliary verbs (have/do/can,
etc) (I think so / I hope so etc)
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Agenda

• Learning Objectives
• Example Set A for have/cant/was/do/ are
  auxiliary ( helping) verbs
• Example Set B for use have? / isnt she? / do
  they? to show surprise
• Example Set C for auxiliary verbs with so and
  neither
• Example Set D for I think so / I hope so

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Agenda

• Learning Objectives
• Example Set A for have/cant/was/do/ are
  auxiliary ( helping) verbs
• Example Set B for use have? / isnt she? / do
  they? to show surprise
• Example Set C for auxiliary verbs with so and
  neither
• Example Set D for I think so / I hope so

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Learning Objectives

• Auxiliary verbs (have /do /can , I think so / I
  hope so etc.)
• Use when you dont want to repeat something
• Use auxiliary verbs to deny what somebody says
• Used to show surprise

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Agenda

• Learning Objectives
• Example Set A for have/cant/was/do/ are
  auxiliary ( helping) verbs
• Example Set B for use have? / isnt she? / do
  they? to show surprise
• Example Set C for auxiliary verbs with so and
  neither
• Example Set D for I think so / I hope so

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Agenda

• Learning Objectives
• Example Set A for have/cant/was/do/ are
  auxiliary ( helping) verbs
• Example Set B for use have? / isnt she? / do
  they? to show surprise
• Example Set C for auxiliary verbs with so and
  neither
• Example Set D for I think so / I hope so

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Example Set A have/cant/was/do/ are auxiliary
( helping) verbs

• In each of these sentences there is an auxiliary
  verb and a main verb

I She The hotel Where have cant was do you lost come built live? my keys. to the party ten years ago
In these examples have/cant/was/do/ are
auxiliary ( helping) verbs.
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Continue..

• You can use an auxiliary verb when you dont want
  to repeat something
• Have you locked the door? Yes, I have.( I
  have locked the door)
• George wasnt working, but Janet was. ( Janet
  was working)
• She could lend me the money, but she wont. (
  she wont lend me the money)

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Continue..

• Use do/does/did for the present and past simple
• Do you like onions? Yes I do. ( I
  like onions)
• Does Simon live in London? He did, but
  he doesnt any more.

• You can use auxiliary verbs to deny what somebody
  says ( say it is not true)
• Youre sitting in my place. No, Im not. (
  Im not sitting in your place)
• You didnt lock the door before you left.
  Yes, I did.( I locked the door)

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Agenda

• Learning Objectives
• Example Set A for have/cant/was/do/ are
  auxiliary ( helping) verbs
• Example Set B for use have? / isnt she? / do
  they? to show surprise
• Example Set C for auxiliary verbs with so and
  neither
• Example Set D for I think so / I hope so

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Example Set B - use have you? / isnt she? / do
they? to show surprise

• We use have you? / isnt she? / do they? etc. to
  show interest in what somebody has said or to
  show surprise
• Ive just seen Simon. Oh, have you? How is
  he?
• Liz isnt very well today. Oh, isnt she?
  Whats wrong with her?
• It rained every day during our holiday.
  Did it? What a pity!
• Jim and Nora are getting married. Are
  they? Really?

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Agenda

• Learning Objectives
• Example Set A for have/cant/was/do/ are
  auxiliary ( helping) verbs
• Example Set B for use have? / isnt she? / do
  they? to show surprise
• Example Set C for auxiliary verbs with so and
  neither
• Example Set D for I think so / I hope so

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Example Set C - auxiliary verbs with so and
neither

• We use auxiliary verbs with so and neither
• Im feeling tired. So am I. ( Im feeling
  tired too)
• I never read newspapers. Neither do I. ( I
  never read newspapers either)
• Sue hasnt got a car and neither has Martin.

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Continue..

• Note the word order after so and neither (verb
  before subject)
• I passed the exam and so did Paul. (not so Paul
  did)
• Instead of neither, you can use nor. You can also
  use not .either
• I dont know. Neither do I. or Nor do I.
  or I dont either.

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Agenda

• Learning Objectives
• Example Set A for have/cant/was/do/ are
  auxiliary ( helping) verbs
• Example Set B for use have? / isnt she? / do
  they? to show surprise
• Example Set C for auxiliary verbs with so and
  neither
• Example Set D for I think so / I hope so

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Example Set D - I think so / I hope so

• I think so / I hope so etc.
• After some verbs you can use so when you dont
  want to repeat something
• Are those people English? I think so.
  ( I think they are English)
• Will you be at home this evening? I expect
  so. ( I expect Ill be at home.)
• Do you think Kate has been invited to the
  party? I suppose so.
• In the same way we say I hope so, I guess so and
  Im afraid so.

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Continue

• The usual negative forms are
• I think so / I expect so ? I dont think so
  / I dont expect so
• I hope so / Im afraid so / I guess so ? I hope
  not / Im afraid not / I guess not
• I suppose so ? I dont suppose so or I suppose
• Is that woman American? I think so. / I
  dont think so.
• Do you think it will rain? I hope so / I hope
  not. (not I dont hope so)

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Summary

• Learning Objectives
• Example Set A for have/cant/was/do/ are
  auxiliary ( helping) verbs
• Example Set B for use have? / isnt she? / do
  they? to show surprise
• Example Set C for auxiliary verbs with so and
  neither
• Example Set D for I think so / I hope so