Classification of Organisms

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Classification of Organisms
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Classification of Organisms

• Taxonomy branch of science dealing with the
  classification of organisms
• Purpose of classification
• Identification
• Universal communication

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General Structure

• Established by Carolius Linnaeus
• Hierachy of categories
• categories demonstrate relationships between
  organisms
• species basic unit of classification
• interbreeding population
• only one type of organism is in the species
  category

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Can you identify this species?
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Categories

• species interbreeding population
• genus group of simular species
• family group of simular genera
• order group of similar families
• class group of simular orders
• phylum/division group of similar classes
• kingdom group of similar phyla/divisions

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Comments

• species very specialized smallest grouping
• kingdom least specialized largest grouping
• the more categories 2 organisms have in common,
  the closer their relationship to each other.
• King Phillip Came Over For Grape Soda

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Analogy Mailing Address

• Kingdom Continent
• Phylum Country
• Class State
• Order County
• Family Town
• Genus Street
• Species Number

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Binomial Nomenclature

• System for giving a unique name to all species
• Binomial Name consists of two words
• Genus name (capitalized)
• Species name (lower case)
• Name is always underlined or italized
• Examples
• Canis lupis wolf
• Canis domesticus dog

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Complete Example

• K Animalia
• P Chordata
• C Mammalia
• O Primates
• F Homidae
• G Homo
• S Sapiens
• Homo sapiens