Cells: The Basic Units of Life

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CellsThe Basic Units of Life
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The Cell Theory

1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living
   things.
3. All cells come from existing cells.

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Two Types of Cells

• Prokaryotic Cells
• Have no membrane covered nucleus
• Have no membrane - covered organelles
• Have circular DNA
• Are bacteria

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Two Types of Cells

• Eukaryotic Cells
• Have a nucleus
• Have a membrane - covered organelles
• Have linear DNA
• Are all other cells

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Organelles

• Organelles are structures that enable the cell to
  live, grow and reproduce.

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Cell Membrane

• Outer layer of cell
• Allows nutrients into the cell and wastes outside
  of the cell

Cell Membrane
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Cytoplasm

• Cytoplasm is the fluid contained in the cell that
  holds the organelles.

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The Nucleus

• The control center of the cell
• Contains the Cells DNA

DNA
Nucleolus
Nuclear Membrane
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Mitochondria
Outer Membrane

• Power center of cell
• Provides the energy the cell needs to move,
  divide, etc.

Inner Membrane
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Ribosomes

• Site where proteins are made
• Cell parts are made of proteins

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Transportation system of cell
• Rough ER- ribosome's attached
• Smooth ER- no ribosome's

Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
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Golgi Complex

• Packaging house of cell
• Packages, processes, and ships out the stuff the
  cell makes

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Lysosomes

• Garbage men
• Digests food particles and cell parts
• Protects cell by digesting foreign invaders

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Cell Wall

• Found only in plant cells
• Protects and supports the cell

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Chloroplasts

• Found only in plant cells
• Contains chlorophyll (makes plants green)
• Photosynthesis takes place

Inner Membrane
Outer Membrane
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Vacuole
Vacuole

• Found only in Plants
• Stores water

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Plant or Animal Cell?

• Found in Plant and Animal cells

• Found only in Plant Cells

• Nucleus
• Golgi Complex
• Mitochondrion
• Lyosomes
• Endoplasmic
• Reticulum
• Cell Membrane
• Ribosomes

• Chloroplasts
• Vacuoles
• Cell Wall