Entomology

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Entomology
Original PowerPoint by Mark Morgan Modified by
Georgia Agriculture Education Curriculum
Office November 2005
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• What is Entomology?
• the branch of zoology that deals with the study
  of insects

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• On average there are more than 750,000 species
  of insects that have been identified worldwide.

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• There are only approximately 10,000 species of
  insects that are harmful to humans.

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Problems

• Deadly epidemics of the past have been caused by
  diseased organisms carried by insects.
• Example Bubonic Plague epidemic that wiped out
  the population of Europe in the 14 century was
  carried by fleas that infested rodents

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Classification of insects

• Kingdom
• Phyla
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

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• The highest level is the Kingdom
• The most specific is the species level.
• Organisms are usually classified by the genus and
  species.
• This is called a binomial nomenclature.

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Six orders of insects

• Orthoptera- which includes the grasshopper and
  locust
• Hemiptera- which includes the true bugs such as
  leaf hoppers and plant bugs
• Lepidoptera moths and butterflies
• Homoptera- aphids

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Contd

• Thysanoptera- thrips
• Coleoptera- which is the largest group of the
  insect orders this has beetles

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How are insects grouped?

• by the way they feed on plants
• by their mouth parts

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Six Mouth Parts

• Sponging
• Rasping- sucking
• Siphoning
• Chewing-lapping
• Chewing
• Piercing- sucking

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• Insects have no internal skeleton and they rely
  on their hard outer coating, exoskeleton, which
  protects their inner organs and supports their
  body.

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Parts of an Insect

• Head
• Thorax
• Abdomen

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Head

• Has a pair of compound eye and two sensory
  appendages called antennae

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Thorax

• is divided into three segments from which are
  attached three pairs of legs

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Abdomen

• is attached to the thorax
• which will contain more segments

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Life Cycles

• Incomplete Metamorphosis
• Complete Metamorphosis

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Incomplete Metamorphosis

• Eggs
• to Early nymph (no wings)
• to late nymph (wings developing)
• Goes to Adult

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Complete Metamorphosis

• Eggs to
• Larva to
• Pupa to
• Adult

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What Is a Larva?

• It is when the young insect has soft tubular body
  and looks very much like a worm

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What Is the Pupa Stage?

• The larva matures and will pass through the pupa
  stages which is usually a relatively dormant
  stage.

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What is DDT?

• This is a chemical that was discovered by German
  name Othmar Zeidler in 1874.
• It is a chemical used to reduce the number of
  insects in a given area.
• Example mosquitoes in the tropics

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Integrated Pest Management

• Cultural methods
• Insect diseases and predators
• Pheromones
• Release of sterile males
• Insect resistant plants varieties

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• Find specimens for identification of the
  following pests of greenhouse crops
• Mealybugs
• Spider Mites
• Scale
• Whiteflies
• Aphids
• Termites
• Thrips