The%20Major%20Religions%20of%20the%20World

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The Major Religions of the World
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How Many Do You Know?

• List all of the religions of the world that you
  can think of.

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We will study these.

• Judaism
• Hinduism
• Buddhism
• Christianity
• Islam
• Mormonism

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World Religion 1 Judaism
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The First Israelites

• First monotheistic religion Judaism
• Established about 1800BCE
• Believed that they were the descendants of
  Abraham
• Spoke Hebrew
• Built a kingdom in Canaan in 1000BCE
• Today Lebanon, Israel and Jordan
• Wrote their beliefs in the Torah
• First five books of the Old Testament

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Moses leads the Israelites out of Captivity
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Moses receives the laws from God
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The Kingdom of Israel

• First King was Saul
• War against the Philistines
• David slays Goliath and becomes King
• Davids son Solomon builds a famous temple
• Now the famous Wailing Wall

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The Western Wailing Wall
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The Growth of Judaism

• Ancient Israelites met once a week on the
  Sabbath, a holy day of prayer
• They met in Synagogues, houses of worship
• They read from the Torah (Hebrew Bible), Prophets
  and 34 other books

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The Jewish Way of Life

• Great importance placed on sons
• Jews can only eat certain foods Kosher
• Major Holy Days Passover, Rosh - Hoshana (New
  Year), Yom Kippur, Hanukkah
• Jewish men wear head coverings as tradition
• Jewish leaders called Rabbis

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World Religion 2 Hinduism
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Hinduism

• Third largest religion in the world
• Formulated by 1500BCE
• Based on basic principles are found in 4 Vedas
  sacred writings
• Priests are called Brahmins
• There is no leader or founder

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Early Hinduism

• Thousands of deities are all part of one
  universal spirit Brahman
• Reincarnation passing through many lives to
  reach the Brahman
• Karma consequences of how a person lives

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Hinduism Beliefs

• God in Hinduism is the Supreme Being
• Everywhere, all-knowing, and all-powerful
• The purpose of life is to obtain liberation from
  the cycle of reincarnation.
• Everyone has three debts
• God
• Saints and sages (wise-men)
• Ancestors

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World Religion 3 Buddhism
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Who is the Buddha?

• Founder-Siddhartha Gautama (c.520BCE)
• Known as the Buddha or enlightened one
• Present spiritual leader -Dalai Lama
• Head of Buddhist Church
• 4th largest religion in the world today
• Mainly found in China, Japan, Korea, SE Asia

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Buddhist Beliefs

• Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path
• The only way to the truth is to give up all
  desires
• Purpose of life is to escape the cycle of rebirth
  and attain nirvana
• Nirvana a state of wisdom

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The Dalai Lama The present spiritual leader of
Buddhism
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World Religion 4 Christianity
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History of Christianity

• Founded c.33CE in Palestine
• Founded by Jesus and his followers (disciples)
• Jesus is believed to be the messiah
• Currently, main locations are
• Europe
• North America
• South America

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Christian Population throughout the World
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Christianity Beliefs

• Sacred Text
• The Bible (Old and New Testament)
• Purpose of Life
• To know, love, and serve God
• Major Holidays
• Easter, Christmas, Lent, Advent
• Belief in God
• One God (a trinity of Father, Son, Holy Spirit)

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Christianity Facts

• Over 2B followerslargest religion in the world
• Major Sects
• Roman Catholic (RCC)
• Eastern Orthodox (EO)
• Protestant
• House of Worship
• Church or Chapel
• Leaders of the Church
• Hierarchy of priests and Pope (RCC) and (EO)

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Canterbury Cathedral, England

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World Religion 5 Islam
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History of Islam

• Founded in 622CE
• Founded by Muhammad in Saudi Arabia
• Muhammad is considered to be a prophet
• A messenger of Allah (God)
• Two Major Sects (split c.650CE)
• Sunni
• Shia (or Shiite)

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Muhammad
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Islamic Beliefs

• One God Allah
• Five Pillars of Islam
• Faith-one god, Allah
• Prayer-5x/day
• Charity-give to poor
• Fast-during Ramadan
• Pilgrimage-to Mecca

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Islamic Beliefs

• Sacred Text
• Quran (Koran)
• Hadith
• Religious Law
• Sharia
• House of Worship
• Mosque
• Leaders of the Religion
• imams

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Islam Facts

• Over 1B followerssecond largest religion in the
  world
• Major Areas in the World
• Middle East
• SE Asia

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Mecca, Saudi Arabia
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Blue Mosque Istanbul, Turkey
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World Religion 6 Mormonism
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Mormonism

• The Church of Ladder-Day Saints (LDS)
• Followers are known as Mormons
• Founder-Joseph Smith
• Translated a sacred history of the Americas,
  known as the Book of Mormon in 1830

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The Mormon Church

• Way of Life
• Belief in prophets (Gordon B. Hinckley)
• God (Father), Christ (Son), the Holy Ghost are
  three separate individuals
• Must give up alcohol, tobacco, coffee, tea
• Must give 10 of income to church
• House of Worship Temple or Church

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San Diego Mormon Temple San Diego, California
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Salt Lake Temple Salt Lake City, Utah
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The Mormon Church

• Sacred Texts
• The Book of Mormon, the Christian Bible,
  Doctrines Covenants
• Current Headquarters Salt Lake City, Utah
• To Achieve Salvation Faith and worksworks are
  emphasized (missionary)
• Today there are more than 12 millions followers,
  half outside the US

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