INTERACTIONS AMONG LIVING THINGS

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In this unit you will learn about the following
from the Utah State Core
Analyze interactions within an ecosystem.
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INTERACTIONS AMONG LIVING THINGS
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A characteristic that makes an individual better
suited to its environment may eventually become
common in that species through a process called
______________.
ADAPTING TO THE ENVIRONMENT
natural selection
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ADAPTATIONS
- Behaviors and physical characteristics that
allow organisms to live successfully in their
environments.
- Adaptations become common in a population due
to natural selection.
Name some predator adaptations Name some prey
adaptations
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Adaptations

• Predator
• Prey

Stinging tentacles
Sharp claws
Fast
Large teeth
Mimicry
Protective covering
Camouflage
False coloring
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• _____________
• role of an organism in its habitat
• NICHE includes Where it lives PLUS . . .
• What it eats? What eats it?
• Where in the habitat it lives? In a tree, in a
  pond, underground
• Its actions hibernating, migrating, etcWhen
  how it reproduces?

NICHE
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HABITAT vs NICHE?
http//www.electricwomen.com/hunterspoint/images/2
1-street-sign-moreell.jpg

• Habitat is like an
• organisms ____________
• Niche is like an
• organisms ______________

address
OCCUPATION
http//resmedicinae.sourceforge.net/logos/doctor.p
ng http//www.michcampgrounds.com/yogibears/yogi-p
icnic-cartoon.jpg http//www.formaui.org/kamalii/c
ritters.htm
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There are three major types of interactions among
organisms
- Competition
- Predation
- Symbiosis
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COMPETITION
- The struggle between organisms to survive as
they attempt to use the same limited resource.
- Organisms compete for food, water, shelter,
territory, and other resources.
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PREDATION
PREDATION
- An interaction in which one organism kills
another for food.
- The organism that does the killing is called
the ________.
predator
- The organism that is killed is called the ____.
prey
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What happens to the moose population as the wolf
population increases?
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SYMBIOSIS
SYMBIOSIS
- A close relationship between two species that
benefits at least one of the species.
- The three types of symbiotic relationships are
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
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MUTUALISM
MUTUALISM
A symbiotic relationship in which both species
benefit.
The egret gets food from eating bugs off the
Rhinos back, and the rhino benefits by getting
pests removed from his body.
Black Rhinoceros/ Cattle Egret
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COMMENSALISM
COMMENSALISM
A symbiotic relationship in which one species
benefits and the other is neither helped or
harmed.
Hermit crabs make homes in shells abandoned by
snails Snail is not harmed by crab
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COMMENSALISM

• Good for me - Doesnt bother you

http//www.geology.wmich.edu/gillespie/g322/Chapte
rs/C16shark.gif
Pilot fish receive scraps of food dropped by
shark Shark is neither harmed nor helped
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PARASITISM
PARASITISM
- A symbiotic relationship in which one species
benefits and the other is harmed but not usually
killed.
Tick sucking blood from its host.
- The organism that benefits is called the
_______ and the organism that is harmed is called
the _____.
parasite
host
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PARASITISM

• Good for me - Hurts you

http//www.geology.wmich.edu/gillespie/g322/Chapte
rs/C16parasitism.whale.gif
Barnacles are crustaceans that attach to the
surface of whales and feed on their skin and
fluids Whale is harmed
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Sable Antelope/ Oxpecker
What type of relationship do these two species
have?
Mutualism
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Water Buffalo/ Oxpecker
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What type of relationship does this picture
represent?
Predator - prey
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What type of relationship does this picture
represent?
Predator - prey
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This is an example of what type of interaction?
Competition