Minerals

1
Minerals
2
1. _______- a naturally occurring, inorganic,
crystalline solid with a definite chemical
composition
mineral
3
A. Naturally occurring- made by ______- not
man-made
nature
B. Inorganic- is not nor has it ever been
________
alive
4
C. Crystalline- minerals are lined up in
________ patterns
repeating
D. SOLID
5
E. Definite chemical composition- certain
elements in definite proportions
6
crystal
2. ________- a solid plane in which the atoms are
arranged in orderly, repeating patterns A.
cubic B. tetragonal C. hexagonal D.
orthorhombic E. triclinic F. monoclinic
7
                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                 

TETRAGONALWULFENITE
HEXAGONALBERYL
CUBIC HALITE
ORTHORHOMBICTANZANITE
MONOCLINICGYPSUM
TRICLINICMONTEBRASITE
8
3. Physical properties A. _____- the minerals
general color B. _______- the color of the
powdered mineral C. _______- the way
light is reflected from a minerals
surface D. ________-how tightly packed together
the molecules of a mineral are E.
________- a minerals resistance to being
scratched F. ________- breaks on smooth
surfaces ________- the irregular breakage
of a mineral
color
streak
luster
density
hardness
cleavage
fracture
9
smell
G. Other- _____ (salt), _____ (sulfur),
___________ (iron), and _____ (jade)
taste
sound
magnetism
10
4. _____- rare and highly prized minerals
gems
11
(No Transcript)
12
ores
5. ______- minerals that can be mined at a profit
13
silicon
oxygen
6. ______and _______- two most abundant elements
in the Earths crust
14
Rocks
15
7. rock- mixture of ________, ______________,
_____________, and ________________ 8. Rock
cycle- rocks are formed by __________, _______,
____, ________, _______, _______, __________ and
___________
minerals
volcanic glass
organic matter
other materials
weathering
erosion
heat
pressure
melting
cooling
compaction
cementation
16
9. Major Rock types A. IGNEOUS B.
SEDIMENTARY C. METAMORPHIC
17

• 10. _____________- rocks made from molten
  materials
• ______- underground melted materials
• ____- above the ground melted materials

Igneous rocks
magma
lava
18

• Intrusive- formed _____ Earths
• surface and eventually uplifted and uncovered
  by __________ and _______ magma cools ______
  _____ crystals
• B. Extrusive- formed when lava cools ___________
  Earths surface cools ____ _____ crystals

under
weathering
erosion
slowly
large
at or above
fast
small
19
11. sedimentary- 75 of all rocks on the _______
the only rocks that _________ on the Earths
surface
surface
originate
20

• Methods of formation
• 1) __________ (breaking down) and _______ (the
  moving around) of rock particles
• 2) __________- pressure that squeezes out the
  air and water
• 3) ___________- water that is dissolved with
  minerals glues particles together and then they
  hardens

weathering
erosion
compaction
cementation
21
B. Classification 1) ________- broken pieces
of other rocks and shells are cemented
together shale, sandstone, conglomerate
2)________- minerals are withdrawn from a
solution or left behind after evaporation
halite and some limestone
clastic
chemical
22

• 3) _______- rock formed from once living
  materials
• _____- formed from shells of coquina
• ____- formed from dead plants that have been
  buried and pressurized

organic
chalk
coal
23
11. Metamorphic rock- rocks that have changed due
to ____ and ________ A. ________- contains
parallel bands of minerals B. ____________- no
banding massive in form mineral grains grow
and rearrange
heat
pressure
foliated
non-foliated
24
the
end