Neutralization

1
Neutralization
Objective

• To learn what happens when an acid and a base
  react together.

2
Research

• Acid High concentration of H3O (hydronium)
  ions.
• Base High concentration of OH- (hydroxyl) ions.
• Neutralization To make neutral (pH7) by
  combining equal amounts of acid and base ions.
  DRR (double replacement reactions).

3

• Ion reaction H3O OH- ? 2H2O
• End products of neutralization Water and a salt
  (metal/nonmetal combination).
• Examples HCl NaOH ? H2O NaCl
• 
  HCl KOH ? H2O KCl
• HNO3 NaOH ? H2O NaNO3

Na metal Cl non metal
salt
salt
salt
4
Procedure I

• Pour 5 ml (up to line) of NaOH into a test tube.
• Put one drop of phenolphthalein into the test
  tube. Record the results.
• Add HCl one drop at a time to the test tube.
  Swirl the test tube after each drop to thoroughly
  mix the contents. As soon as there is a color
  change, stop adding HCl. The solution is now
  neutral.

5
Procedure II

• Pour the contents into a beaker.
• Place the beaker on a ring stand. Heat the
  beaker until the liquid has boiled away,
  according to teacher directions. A dry residue
  will be left.
• Allow the beaker to cool before rinsing and
  putting equipment away.