POWERPOINT JEOPARDY

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Question 1 - 10

• 15. Analyze and/or explain the causes of the
  economic challenges faced by American Farmers?

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Answer 1 10

• 15. New inventions helped farmers increase
  production. since there was more of an abundance
  of crops the prices dropped. they were in debt
  from buying all the new machines to help grow
  crops but since the prices of crops dropped they
  were making less. the gold standard made things
  worse for farmers because it raises the value of
  money. their loans remained but there income
  decreased

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Question 1 - 20

• 16. Identify strategies used by farmers to
  address the economic challenges faced by American
  farmers?

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Answer 1 20

• 16. To try and help their situation they formed
  the populist party they wanted to eliminate the
  gold standard, passage of an income tax, the end
  of life tenure of federal judges, and the end of
  printing of paper currency by private banks.

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Question 1 - 30

• 17. Analyze and/or explain the social and/or
  political causes and/or conditions in government,
  society, and the economy that contributed to the
  Second Industrial Revolution?

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Answer 1 30

• 17. The second industrial revolution helped us
  shift from an economy based on manual labor to
  one dominated by industry the inventions that
  came about during this time helped people work
  and no things more efficiently people starts
  buying more things and there were people
  monopolizing parts of the industry.

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Question 1 - 40

• 18. Explain and/or evaluate the significance of
  events, movements, and people in American society
  prior to and/or during the Second Industrial
  Revolution?

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Answer 1 40

• 18. The second industrial revolution was from
  1870-1914. Between 1820 and 1860, the visual map
  of the United States was change by unprecedented
  urbanization and rapid territorial expansion.
  These changes is what started the Second
  Industrial Revolution which peaked between 1870
  and 1914. Between the annexation of Texas (1845),
  the British retreat from Oregon country, and The
  Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848) which cemented
  Mexican cession of the Southwest to the United
  States, territorial expansion exponentially
  rewrote the competing visions free-soilers,
  European immigrants, industrial capitalists, and
  Native Americans held for the future of the
  American Empire. the red indicates the railroads

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Question 1 - 50

• 19. Analyze and/or evaluate the human experience
  during the Second Industrial Revolution?

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Answer 1 50

• 19. For one thing, all unneeded human motions
  were eliminated such as hand tools. a diesel
  engine was designed. New ways of manufacturing
  textiles, the steam engine, and advances in metal
  working freed us to make more, and make it
  faster.

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Question 2 - 10

• 20. Identify the new industries and/or economic
  innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution
  and their impact on American economy and society?

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Answer 2 10

• 20. The Bessemer Steel Process, removed carbon
  from iron to produce steel. It was light,
  flexible, and rust resistant other than steel.
  The Bessemer Steel Process became highly known
  for railroads, new farming machines, and
  construction of skyscrapers and bridges.
  Railroads were another innovation that highly
  impacted Americans in the Second revolution. They
  were need by the government to expand the
  country. The Transcontinental Railway was a
  railroad that connected Central Pacific and the
  Union Pacific to Promontory, Utah. It allowed to
  transfer people and send mail, meat, cargo faster
  and easier. It also gave jobs to many American
  people and immigrants. It was a harsh job and
  corrupt to the point the government had to
  regulate it. Electricity is also another
  invention, invented by Thomas Edison. It gave the
  opportunity for many other inventions to be
  created because of it.

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Question 2 - 20

• 21. Identify the significant inventors of the
  Second Industrial Revolution?

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Answer 2 20

• 21. Significant inventors of the Second
  Industrial revolution are Henry Bessemer and
  William Kelley(Bessemer Steel Process), Thomas
  Edison (electricity), Henry Ford (Ford
  automobile, assembly line), Alexander Graham Bell
  (telephone). Innovators Andrew Carnegie
  (steel), John D. Rockefeller (Standard Oil
  Company), Cornelius Vanderbilt (railroad
  expansion), and JP Morgan (Banking).

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Question 2 - 30

• 22. Compare and contrast the experiences of
  Northern European, Southern European, and Asian
  immigrants during the Second Industrial
  Revolution?

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Answer 2 30

• 22. Because of the advances the Second Industrial
  Revolution had to offer, numerous immigrants
  viewed America as a fresh start. The Second
  Industrial Revolution is generally recognized as
  the period between 1870 and 1914 in which the
  U.S. received an abundance of natural resources
  from its newly acquired territories, a growing
  supply of labor immigrating from Europe, an
  expanding market for manufactured goods, and the
  availability of capital for investment. The
  Second Industrial Revolution took local
  communities and their new products out of the
  shadow of large regional agricultural based
  economies which was assisted by new labor forces
  and production techniques. Also, innovations in
  transportation, such as roads, steamboats, the
  Eerie Canal, and most notably railroads, linked
  distant, previously isolated communities
  together. Overall, the rapid growth of
  manufacturing from 1880 to 1920 relied heavily on
  immigrant labor. In the latter part of the 19th
  century, the cotton manufacturing industry and
  the iron and steel industry relied heavily on
  old immigrants from Great Britain and
  Northwestern Europe, but in the early decades of
  the 20th century, the rapid growth of these
  industries became increasingly dependent on new
  immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe. The
  dominance of the Eastern European immigrants were
  located in apparel manufacture (and trade), but
  immigrants were also over-represented in mining
  and construction and throughout the heavy
  industries in the Northeast and Midwest. However,
  the fact that one-third of European immigrants
  from 1908 to 1923 returned to Europe demonstrates
  the difficulties of what both European and Asian
  immigrants had to deal with to adjust to life. To
  make matters worse, the massive wave of European
  immigration from 1880 to 1920 raised the demand
  for labor and drew even larger numbers from the
  dispossessed Southern peasantry, thus making
  employment in industrializing America difficult
  to find. As a matter a fact, because of the mass
  amounts of immigrants coming over to America
  because of economic hardships, religious
  persecutions, or other conflicts in their
  homelands, Congress began taking action by
  restricting immigrants from entering. One of
  these actions includes the Chinese Exclusion Act
  which banned entry to all Chinese except
  students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and
  government officials. Not only that, but a local
  board of education in San Francisco segregated
  Japanese children by putting them in separate
  schools. However, Japan raised an angry protest
  at the treatment of its emigrants, so President
  Theodore Roosevelt known as the Gentlemans
  Agreement of 1907-1908. Japans government agreed
  to limit emigration of unskilled workers to the
  United States in exchange for the repeal of the
  San Francisco segregation order. All the groups
  of immigrants experienced hardships, but Asians
  experienced a little bit more maltreatment than
  Europeans who only dealt with the struggles of
  work

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Question 2 - 40

• 23. Explain the impact of social change and
  reform movements in the late 19th and early 20th
  centuries?

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Answer 2 40

• 23. From the late nineteenth century to the early
  twentieth century, numerous reform movements
  aroused to instill social changes. Society called
  attention to issues that they were unsatisfied
  with for example, during this time period the
  Progressive movement took place. The progressive
  movements hoped to return control of the
  government to the people, to restore economic
  opportunities, and to correct injustices in
  American life. Many social welfare reformers
  worked to soften some of the harsh conditions of
  industrialization. The Social Gospel and
  settlement house aimed to help the poor through
  community centers, churches, and social services.
  In addition, many acts helped inspire workers for
  rights the Illinois Factory Act in 1893
  prohibited child labor and limited womens
  working hours. Beforehand, they were forced to
  work back breaking jobs throughout numerous hours
  in poor conditions that were often harmful and
  unsanitary for a terrible pay. Other reformers
  felt that morality held the key to improving the
  lives of poor people. They wanted immigrants and
  poor city dwellers to uplift themselves by
  improving their personal behavior prohibition,
  the banning of alcoholic beverages, was one such
  program. The Womans Christian Temperance Union
  (WCTU) was amongst the groups that actively
  supported the crusade for prohibition. They also
  took part in other reform activities that
  provided women with extended public roles, which
  they used to justify giving women voting rights.
  When the U.S. was founded, only white men were
  allowed to vote and elect representatives to
  government. In the new 20th Century, many women
  were demanding suffrage, or the right to vote.
  They tried to convince state legislators to grant
  women the right to vote, and then pursued court
  cases to test the 14th Amendment, and lastly they
  pushed for a national constitutional amendment to
  grant women the vote. By the turn of the century,
  the campaign for suffrage achieved only modest
  success. However, efforts paid off in
  improvements in the treatment of workers and in
  safer food and drug products throughout the 19th
  and 20th centuries. Its during this time, in
  which citizens forced their voices to be heard in
  order to have the peoples best interest in mind.
  Changes were presented through reform movements
  which offered hope and somewhat equality to all
  the people.

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Question 2 - 50

• 24. Assess government policies and the labor
  movement of the Industrial Revolution?

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Answer 2 50

• 24. Beginning with Alexander Hamiltons proposals
  for a Federal Bank, protective tariff, and
  support for the Whig Partys push for internal
  improvements. During the canal and railroad
  building frenzy of the 1820s- 1850s, state
  governments did their best to encourage the
  development of an infrastructure. Real
  assistance for industrial growth came after the
  Civil War when the North triumphed and was able
  to impose its economic priorities on the rest of
  the country. High protective tariffs were passed
  to shield American businesses from foreign
  competition. An open door immigration policy
  guaranteed a lot of workers willing to labor for
  long hours at low wages. A sound money policy
  kept the currency from inflating and convinced
  creditors they would not be repaid with dollars
  of equal value. Striking workers were harassed
  and often arrested by state, local, and national
  governments dedicated to keeping an obedient work
  force. Millions of dollars and acres of land
  were granted to corporations to encourage them to
  lay more railroad track than were laid in the
  world. Perhaps the most important was to just
  leave them alone and unregulated, so businessmen
  didnt worry about government interfering with
  their activities and they had freedom (with
  limits) to make money in anyway they could (Also
  called laissez-faire).
• The labor movement in the U.S. grew out of need
  to protect the common interest of workers. For
  those in the industrial sector, organized labor
  unions fought for better wages, reasonable hours
  and safer working conditions. The labor movement
  led efforts to stop child labor, give health
  benefits and provide aid to workers who were
  injured or retired.

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Question 3 - 10

• 25. Explain the impact of key events and peoples
  in Florida history related to the Second
  Industrial Revolution?

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Answer 3 10

• 25. People 1880 Henry B.Plant becomes a Florida
  railroad tycoon.
• After the Civil War, seasoned businessman Henry
  B. Plant bought two bankrupt railroad companies.
  He fixed the war- ruined lines and over the next
  20 years built a railroad empire that controlled
  more than 2,100 miles of track throughout the
  South. With Tampa Bay as its headquarters,
  Plant's system of railroads became essential for
  moving Florida's produce to customers in the
  North.
• People 1883 Henry Flagler begins development of
  Eastern Florida.
• Henry Flagler made his fortune as a partner in
  the Standard Oil Company. In 1883 Flagler began
  reinvesting his money in Florida businesses. In
  1888 he built the 540-room Hotel Ponce de Leon in
  St. Augustine. In 1894 the 1150-room Royal
  Poinciana Hotel opened in Palm Beach. Later he
  built the Florida East Coast Railway, extending
  it all the way to Miami. In 1902 Flagler unveiled
  Whitehall, a 60,000-square-foot winter retreat
  for the wealthy, located in Palm Beach. Then, in
  1905 Flagler began construction on an extension
  of the Florida East Coast Railway from Biscayne
  Bay to Key West, some 128 miles from the tip of
  the Florida peninsula.
• Events1834-Present Railroads open Florida to
  new growth.
• Florida's sometimes difficult terrain proved no
  match for 19th-century railroad tycoons.
  Impressed with the state's tropical climate and
  natural resources. Henry B. Plant and Henry
  Flagler built transportation empires that linked
  Florida's farms to Northern markets. Later, the
  railroads spurred the state's booming population
  growth and tourism industry.
• Events1888-Present Opulent hotels attract
  tourists.
• The construction of the Hotel Ponce de Leon in
  1888 and the Tampa Bay Hotel in 1891made Florida
  a top destination for America's elite. Henry
  Flagler's string of opulent accommodations
  stretched along his railroad line from St.
  Augustine to Miami. His most famous hotels
  included the Hotel Ormond just north of Daytona,
  the 1150-room Royal Poinciana Hotel in Palm
  Beach, and the exclusive Royal Palm Hotel in
  Miami.

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Question 3 - 20

• Agricultural Surplus An Agricultural Production
  That Exceeds The Needs Of The Society For Which
  It Is Being Produced
• Business Monopolies When One Person Or Company
  Has Control Over A Majority Of A Particular
  Product Or Service To The Point Where There Is No
  Competition
• Cross Of Gold A Speech Delivered By William
  Jennings Bryan At The 1896 Democratic National
  Convention In Chicago That Advocated Bimetallism.
  The Democratic Party Wanted To Standardize The
  Value Of The Dollar To Silver And Opposed The
  Gold Standard.
• Farmers Alliance A Group Of Farmers, Or Those In
  Sympathy With Farming Issues, That Sent Lecturers
  From Town To Town To Educate People About
  Agricultural And Rural Issues.
• Government Regulation Of Food And Drugs The
  Country's And Congress's Attention With Public
  Hygiene Demonstrations Which Were Responsible For
  Protecting And Promoting Public Health Through
  The Regulation And Supervision Of Food Safety,
  Tobacco Products, Dietary Supplements,
  Prescription And Over-the-counter Pharmaceutical
  Drugs (Medications), Vaccines, Etc.
• Grange The Patrons Of Husbandry- A Social And
  Educational Organization Through Which Farmers
  Attempted To Combat The Power Of The Railroads In
  The Late 19th Century
• Granger Laws A Series Of Laws Which Regulated
  Long- And Short-haul Discrimination And Other
  Railroad Abuses Against Farmers.
• Homestead Act (1862) A Law Enacted In 1862 That
  Provided 160 Acres In The West To Any Citizen Who
  Was Head Of Household And Would Cultivate The
  Land For Five Years
• Industrialization The Development Of Industry On
  An Extensive Scale.
•  Interstate Commerce Act A Law Designed To
  Regulate The Railroad Industry Pertaining To Its
  Monopolists Practices.
•  Populism The Political Doctrine That Supports
  The Rights And Powers Of The Common People In
  Their Struggle With Privileged Elite
•  Urbanization Taken On The Characteristics Of A
  City

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Answer 3 20

• African American Inventors George Crum, Lewis
  Larimer, Garret A. Morgan, Dr. Charles, Richard
  Drew, Fredericks M. Jones, James E. West, George
  Caruthers, Dr. Patricia Bath
• American Federation Of Labor A Federation Of
  North American Labor Unions That Merged With The
  Congress Of Industrial Organization In 1995
• Bessemer Process A Steal Making Process In Which
  Carbon, Silicon, And Other Impurities Are Removed
• Child Labor The Use Of Children In Industry
• Chinese Exclusion Act A Law That Suspended
  Chinese Immigration Intend To Last 10 Years
• Everglades Subtropical Marshy Region
• Gentlemen's Agreement An Agreement Based On
  Honor And Not Legally Binding
• Government Regulation Regulation Is "Controlling
  Human Or Societal Behavior By Rules Or
  Restrictions." Regulation Can Take Many Forms
• Great Migration The Great Migration Was The
  Movement Of 2 Million African Americans Out Of
  The Southern United States To The Midwest,
  Northeast And West
• Haymarket Riot The Haymarket Affair (Also Known
  As The Haymarket Massacre) Refers To The
  Aftermath Of A Bombing That Took Place At A Labor
  Demonstration On Tuesday May 4, 1886, At
  Haymarket Square In Chicago
• Hennery Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 - May
  20, 1913) Was An American Tycoon, Real Estate
  Promoter, Railroad Developer
• Homestead Strike The Homestead Strike Was An
  Industrial Lockout And Strike Which Began On June
  30, 1892, Culminating In A Battle Between
  Strikers And Private Security Agents On July 6,
  1892.
• Ida Tarbell United States Writer Remembered For
  Her Muckraking Investigations Into Industries In
  The Early 20th Century (1857-1944)
• Immigration The Action Of Coming To Live
  Permanently In A Foreign Country
• INNOVATION A New Idea, Method, Or Device
• Knights Of Labor- A Secret Organization Whose
  Professed Purpose Is To Secure And Maintain The
  Rights Of Workingmen As Respects Their Relations
  To Their Employer.
• Labor Unions- An Organized Association Of
  Workers, Often In A Trade Or Profession, Formed
  To Protect And Further Their Rights And
  Interests.
• Market Economy- An Economy That Relies Chiefly On
  Market Forces To Allocate Goods And Resources And
  To Determine Prices.
• Muckrakers- One Who Spreads Real Or Alleged
  Scandal About Another (Usually For Political
  Advantage).

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Question 3 - 30
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Answer 3 30

• m

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Question 3 - 40

• Identify and evaluate the causes and/or
  consequences of the Civil War.

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Answer 3 40

• Causes of the Civil War include economic
  differences between the North and the SouthThe
  North thrived off of industry and the South
  thrived off of agriculture. The growth of the
  Abolition Movement also contributed to the Civil
  War as the North became more and more fixated on
  a country without slavery. Uncle Toms Cabin by
  Harriet Beecher Stowe, the Dread Scott Case, John
  Browns raid, and the Fugitive Slave Act all led
  to the start of the war. These issues divided the
  country and turned many people against each
  other, many perished, and money became scarce.

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Question 3 - 50

• Identify the economic , political and/or social
  causes of the Civil War.

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Answer 3 50

• Economic causes of the Civil War include the
  contrasting economies in the North and South. The
  North was industrialized, creating goods in
  factories to be exported all across the world.
  The South was based off of agriculture, utilizing
  plantations and enslaved labor to grow cotton and
  other goods. While both economies were vital for
  a productive country, the contrasting moral
  ideals of the North and South created tension.
  Politically, The North considered themselves the
  Union, a united force against slavery. The South
  created the Confederacy, which united states that
  were supportive of slavery. The Union and the
  Confederacy each had their own political views
  and to an extent, their own governments.

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Question 4 - 10

• Identify varying points of view regarding the
  main causes of the Civil War.

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Answer 4 10

• From the Souths point of view, the main cause of
  the Civil War was the need to defend their right
  to own slaves, as their economy depended on their
  labor in plantations. The North wanted to abolish
  inhumane captivity and treatment of African
  Americans and wanted to unite the country rather
  than be divided.

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Question 4 - 20

• Evaluate the constitutional issues relevant to
  the Civil War and Reconstruction.

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Answer 4 20

• After the Civil War, the 13th Amendment (outlaw
  of slavery), the 14th Amendment (all persons born
  in the United States are granted citizenship) and
  the 15th Amendment (the right to vote will not be
  denied due to ones race or ethnicity) were added
  to the Constitution. However, these were
  contradicted by the passing of the Black Codes,
  limiting the Norths Civil war efforts and
  disregarding the Constitution. Constant
  retaliation by the South made reconstruction
  efforts difficult.

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Question 4 - 30

• Identify the economic, political, and/or social
  consequences of Reconstruction.

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Answer 4 30

• The South was devastated after the Civil War.
  Southern planters returned home to find that the
  amount their property would sell for had
  plummeted. Small farms had been ruined.
• The population had also dropped. Hundreds of
  thousands had died in the war.
• Sharecropping and tenant farming came in to being
  during Reconstruction. Without their own land,
  African Americans, as well as poor white farmers,
  couldnt grow crops to sell or to feed their
  families. There was a lack of unity in the
  Republican Party. They had split into groups
  known as Scalawags, Carpetbaggers, and African
  Americans. They had this lack of unity because
  of there differing goals. In particular, few
  Scalawags shared the Republican commitment to
  civil rights for African Americans. White
  Southerners refused to accept the African
  Americans new status and fought the idea of
  equal rights.

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Question 4 - 40

• Identify and/or categorize the influence of
  significant people or groups on Reconstruction.

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Answer 4 40

• Lincoln
• He was the President of the United States. He is
  also the one who created the Proclamation of
  Amnesty and Reconstruction. This plan angered a
  small group of Republicans in Congress known as
  Radical Republicans led by Charles Sumner
• Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts and
  Representative Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania
  were the leaders of the Radical Republicans.
  They wanted to destroy the political power of
  former slaveholders and wanted African Americans
  to be given full citizenship and the right to
  vote.
• Andrew Johnson was President after Lincoln. His
  plan was a little different than that of
  Lincolns plan. He tried to break the planters
  power by excluding high-ranking Confederates and
  wealthy landowners from taking the oath needed
  for voting privileges. This President ended up
  impeached. The Ku Klux Klan
• They wanted to destroy the Republican Party
  because they wanted Civil Rights for everyone.
  The KKK didnt wanted this to happen. They were
  involved in lynching.

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Question 4 - 50

• Describe the issues that divided Republicans
  during the early Reconstruction era.

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Answer 4 50

• The Scalawags thought of their own power. Few
  were for African American vote. Some of them put
  down wealthy farmers so that they could grow.
• Carpetbaggers were described as poor, in fact so
  poor that they came with all their possessions in
  a small carpet bag, a traveling bag made from
  carpeting. They wanted African American vote
  like the Africans themselves.

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Question 5 - 10

• Identify the significance and/or impact of the
  13th, 14th and 15th Amendments to the
  constitution on African Americans and other
  groups.

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Answer 5 10

• The 13th Amendment finally abolished slavery and
  involuntary servitude unless used as a punishment
  of crime.
• The 14th Amendment states that all citizen have
  the right to due process of law regardless of
  race, or any excuse to deny due process.
• The 15th Amendment makes it illegal for the
  federal government and the states to use a
  citizens race, color, or previous status as a
  slave as a qualification for voting.
• All of these amendments occurred during the
  reconstruction era to better the living of the
  African Americans as well as other races
  discriminated against.

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Question 5 - 20

• Explain how Jim Crow laws circumvented the intent
  and meaning of the 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments.

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Answer 5 20

• The 13th- 15th Amendments to the constitution had
  granted blacks the same legal protections as
  Whites. However, the Jim Crow laws restricted
  these rights. The Supreme Court weakened the
  Constitutional protections of blacks with the
  Plessy vs. Ferguson case, which legitimized Jim
  Crow Laws.
• Plessy vs. Ferguson case Plessy claimed that
  the Jim Crow Laws violated his right to equal
  protection but the court ruled separate but equal
  did not violate anything.

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Question 5 - 30

• Analyze and/or explain the various components of
  the Jim Crow legislation and their effects on
  Southern minorities.

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Answer 5 30

• The Jim Crow Laws were a set of segregation laws
  that called for blacks and whites to maintain
  separate facilities in public and private.
• People who were against this tried this (Plessy
  vs. Ferguson) in court got shot down because the
  court believed it sepreate but equal didnt
  violate the 14th Amendment.
• Racial Segregation was put into effects in
  schools, parks, hospitals, and transportation
  systems.

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Question 5 - 40

• Identify settlement patterns in the American
  West, the reservation system, and/or the
  tribulations of the native Americans from
  1865-90.

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Answer 5 40

• In Western America, there were mostly Native
  Americans until the White settlers push westward
  into their territory (The Great Plains). Each
  Native Americans on the plain usually live in
  small extended family groups with ties to other
  bands that spoke the same language. Due to the
  Dawes Acts when white settlers aimed to
  Americanize Native Americans, they broke up the
  reservations and gave some of the land the
  individual Native Americans. They lost two third
  of their land and received not money from it.

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Question 5 - 50

• Assess short- and/or long term consequences of
  the Civil War.

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Answer 5 50

• Consequences of the Civil War
• Short Term
• The country was in peril, no one knew where to
  live. Blacks were fleeing North and lost family
  connections.
• James Polk began backing southern plantations
  instituting share cropping and wage labor. He
  also took back Sherman's issuing 40 acres and a
  mule, depression followed. And as in any war many
  deaths occurred. (600,000 about)
• Long Term
• This also had civil rights issues. The south
  would eventually introduce industrialization
  because it would no longer be solely
  agricultural. Eventually this led to a creation
  of a more democratic and just America.