??(creation)

1
?????
2

• ?????????
• ????????????????????
• ??(creation)
• ??????????????
• ??(search)
• ??????????????
• (?????????????????)
• ??
• ?????????????????,???????????

3

• ????????(Heracles)??????????,?????????
• ????????????????????????,4?7??(1975),?153-170
• ?????????????
• Heracles????????(Queen Omphale of Lydia)?????

4

• ?Hera????Heracles??????????????,Heracles??????????
  ?? (Eurytheus,King of Mycenae)??--??12??????,?????
  ?Omphale?Heracles??????,?????????????????

5

• Reminder??Heracles??????????,??Heracles??????????
  ??,??????,????????????Omphale???Heracles????,??,??
  ??Zeus???,??????,????????

6

• ???????????????
• ????.?????
• ??????????,?(?)?????,????,??????
• ???.????
• ?????,????,??????????(??)??

7

• ???????,?282
• ????????,????????????????????????,?????(??)?????,
  ????????????????????,??????,??????????????????????
  ????,??????????????????,?????????,???????????????

8

• ??????,????
• ??????????????
• ?????????????

9

• Heracles???????????
• Heracles?Thebes??Coreon(???)???Megara(???)???,????
  ??,????????????
• Hera?????Heracles???????(??Heracles?Zeus?????),???
  Heracles??????,?Heracles??????????????????

10

• ?Heracles???,????????,???Delphi??????????????????H
  eracles--??Tiryns?,???Eurystheus(?????),?King of
  Mycenae????????10(12)???????????????????

11

• Heracles??12????,??Thebes,?Heracles????Megara????,
  ??Heracles?Megara??????????????
• Heracles??Iole(???)--??Oechalia(????)??Eurytus(???
  ?)???--Eurytus??Heracles??,Heracles???Iole?????

12

• Eurytus???????
• ???--??????????,????Iole?
• Heracles????,??,?Eurytus???Iole??Megara???,???????
  ??????,Heracles???Omphale???Lydia???,???????(sear
  ch)???

13

• Heracles????????Oeneus(???)?????Deianira(????)???H
  eracles?????????????Deianira??????,???????,?,??,He
  racles????????????????,??Nessus(???)??Deianira,Her
  acles?????Nessus,???,Nessus?Deianira???????,?Herac
  les??????????,????????Heracles??,Heracles????????,
  Deianira?????

14

• ??Heracles???Oechalia,??Iole,Deianira??Heracles???
  Iole,??????,?Deianira??????????????,????Heracles??
  ,Deianira?????????Heracles???,Heracles?????????,??
  ???(Heralces??????Nessus?,Nessus??????),???

15

• ??Heracles?????????????
• ???????(??)?????????,??????Heracles???????,???????
  ????????????????(human basic instinct)???????????
  ???????????????????,??????????????????????????

16

• Heracles?????????????,?????????????,??????(??)???
  ?????
• ??.???????,?????,?????????????(?)??????????????
  ???,?????????????????????

17

• Heracles??????--????????????????,???????????????,?
  ??????????????
• ????,????????????,???????????,????????????????????
  ????

18

• Heracles??????????????
• Heracles?Zeus?Thebes?????,???Alcmena(?????)????,??
  Heracles??????Heracles??????Hera?
• ??
• ???.?????????????,????,????????????,???????????
  ???,??????????????????
• Heracles?????,????????????????????
• ????,???????????????

19

• ?????????????,?????????????????????????(??????),??
  ???????????????
• ???.?????????,????,?????,???????,??????,???,???
  ?,??????
• ???.???????????,????--????--???,???,?????,?????
  ??
• ???????????????,?????????,??????????????,????????
  ?,????????????,?????????????

20

• ???.?????????,????,?????,???????????--????????
  ,????????,?????????????
• ????,????,???,??????????,??????????,??????????,???
  ??????(?????)?
• (???????????????????)

21

• ????????????
• ???Apollo?Clymene(????)????Phaethon(???)?
• Phaethon18????,Apollo??Phaethon???????????Phaethon
  ?????????!
• ??Apollo????,??????Phaethon?????(??)Phaethon(???
  )??,??????,????,????????,???Zeus??,Zeus?????Phaeth
  on?????

22

• ?????????????????,???????????????????????????????
  ?????
• ???.???
• ????,????,???,???,?????,? ? ?????????????,????,???
  ?? ??????,????????,????????,????????
  ,??????,??????,??????

23

• Heracles??
• 1. ???? 1. ??????
• 2. ???? 2. ???
• 3. ??? 3. ????????
• 4. ???????4. ???????
• ??????????????????,??????????????

24

• Comparative Heroic Myth (compiled/edited by Fred
  Cheung)
• (Source mainly from Powell, Classical Myth)
• We use the term hero very broadly nowadays to
  express admiration .. For us, a hero (or a
  heroine) is someone who stands out from others,
  someone distinguished by prominence, bravery, or
  merit. For the ancient Greeks, however, the term
  hero had a much more specific meaning. Homer
  used it to mean any noble or well-born
  figure, but later the term was applied
  exclusively to noble figures from the distant
  past.

25

• These hero-cults, .., were an important element
  in ancient Greek religion, but our concern is
  with the myths that recounted the lives and deeds
  of these legendary figures. .. the ancient
  Mesopotamians did tell a series of stories about
  one such hero of their own, the great king
  Gilgamesh. The so-called epic of Gilgamesh is
  not an oral poem, like Homers poems and
  Hesiods, taken down in dictation, but rather a
  scribal exercise meant to be read and studied by
  other learned scribes. Still, the Gilgamesh
  stories have many elements in common with the
  legends of Greece, and the parallels are more
  than mere coincidence.

26

• Observations The Hero Caught between Nature and
  Culture
• The Gilgamesh epic is the longest and most
  ambitious literary epic recorded in cuneiform
  writing. A central theme is the contrast and
  hostility between the natural world and the
  cultural world of humans. Enkidu is the natural
  man --- his hair is long and he eats grass with
  the beasts of the field. After intercourse with
  a woman, he become wise or cultured and is
  separated from the natural world, the lot of
  humankind.

27

• Similarly, Adam and Eve, after eating from the
  Tree of Knowledge, see that they are naked
  (discover their sexuality) and must leave the
  Garden of Eden (the natural world). When Enkidu
  is dying, he bitterly blames the world of culture
  for his undoing. He blames the trapper who found
  him and the whole who tamed him. Sympathizing
  with Enkidus resentment, Gilgamesh puts on
  animal skins and wanders through the wild on a
  quest to the ends of earth. .. This very
  torment is an essential part of his nature as a
  hero and explains our interest in him We, too,
  live between nature and culture, and we, too, are
  destined to die.

28

• The Mesopotamian legend of Gilgamesh, like many
  ancient Greek legends, probably began in such a
  wish to preserve a memory of the words and deeds
  of a real man who accomplished great things
  during his lifetime.

29

• The heros birth is miraculous or unusual, but of
  his childhood we know little
• The hero has great strength
• The heros truest companion is another male
  (Enkidu)
• The hero falls under an enemys power and is
  compelled to perform impossible labors (Gilgamesh
  destroys Humbaba)
• The hero breaks a taboo, and a terrible price is
  demanded (Enlil was angry that Gilgamesh and
  Enkidu killed Humbaba, lord of the forest)

30

• The hero resists the temptations of an
  irresistible but dangerous woman, whom he curses
  and derides (Ishtar)
• The hero is responsible for his best friends
  death (Enkidu dies after he and Gilgamesh kill
  the Bull of Heaven)
• The hero goes on a long journey to discover the
  secret of eternal life (deathless Utnapishtim
  lives beyond the waters that separate this world
  from the next)
• The hero returns home and accepts his limitations
  (Gilgamesh returns to rule Uruk)
• The hero is rewarded with something of great
  value (at his death Gilgamesh receives full
  honors)