The Hip

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The Hip
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• Femur
• Circumduction
• Acetabulum
• Iliofemoral
• External rotation
• Abduction
• Pubis
• Pubofemoral

• Flexion
• Ilium
• Extension
• Ischiofemoral
• Ischium
• Adduction
• Internal rotation

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The Hip

• Anatomy
• Injuries
• Evaluation
• Rehabilitation

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Anatomy

• Bones
• Ligaments
• Muscles

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Bones of the hip joint

• Femur- The ball part of this bone connects to the
  other three bones to comprise the hip joint.
• Ilium-This is the largest area of the hip bones.
• Ischium-The ischium is a curved bone which lies
  below the ilium.
• Pubis-The pubis is the front-most area of the hip
  bones.
• The ilium, ischium, and pubis come together and
  form a cup-like shape that the head of the femur
  fits into. This cup is called the acetabulum.

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Ligaments

• The iliofemoral ligament attaches the pelvis to
  the femur. It prevents excessive extension of the
  hip.
• The pubofemoral ligament attaches the pubis bone
  of the pelvis to the femur.
• The posterior of the hip joint capsule is
  reinforced by the ischiofemoral ligament that
  attaches from the ischial part of the acetabular
  rim to the femur.

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Motions of the hip

• Flexion and extension
• Abduction and adduction
• Internal and external rotation
• Circumduction

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Muscles of the hip

• Flexor group
• Extensor group
• External rotators
• Internal rotators
• Abductors
• Adductors

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Injuries

• Hip flexor strain
• Groin strain
• Hip pointer
• Hip dislocation
• Myositis Ossificans
• ITB syndrome

• Stress Fracture
• Legg-Calve'-Perthes Disease
• Avulsion Fracture
• Snapping Hip

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Hip Flexor strain
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Hip flexor strain
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Hip pointer

• A hip pointer is an injury is to the iliac crest,
  the bony prominence that can be felt along the
  waist line. When someone sustains a hip pointer
  injury, the bone and overlying muscle can be
  bruised.

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Hip pointer
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Groin strain
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Hip dislocation

• It requires substantial force to pop the
  thighbone out of its socket.
• In nine out of ten hip dislocations, the head of
  the thighbone is pushed out and back (posterior
  dislocation). This leaves the hip in a fixed
  position, bent and twisted in towards the middle
  of the body.
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vVrrpgqwxKoE

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Hip dislocation
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Hip dislocation
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Hip dislocation
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Hip dislocation
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Myositis Ossificans

• Myositis ossificans is an unusual condition that
  often occurs in athletes who sustain a dirtect
  blow that causes deep tissue bleeding.
• The soft-tissues that were injured in the
  traumatic event initially develops a hematoma,
  and subsequently develop the myositis ossificans.
  
• The word myositis ossificans means that bone
  forms within the muscle, and this occurs at the
  site of the hematoma.

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Myositis Ossificans
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ITB syndrome
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ITB syndrome

• Iliotibial band syndrome is due to inflammation
  of the iliotibial band, a thick band of fibrous
  tissue that runs down the outside of the leg.
• The iliotibial band begins at the hip and extends
  to the outer side of the shin bone (tibia) just
  below the knee joint.
• The band functions in coordination with several
  of the thigh muscles to provide stability to the
  outside of the knee joint.

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Stress Fracture
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Legg-Calve'-Perthes Disease

• LCPD is of unknown origin. It is known that bone
  death occurs in the ball of the hip due to an
  interruption in blood flow.
• The age of diagnosis is usually between 2 and 12
  years old, with the average age of 6.
• Most of these children are very active and often
  very athletic.

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Legg-Calve'-Perthes Disease

• The first symptoms characterized in LCPD are
  usually a limp and perhaps pain in the hip,
  groin, or knee (known as a referred pain).
• Often you will first notice limping during your
  child's active play.
• They usually cannot tell you an instance when
  they hurt themselves.

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Legg-Calve'-Perthes Disease
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Avulsion Fracture

• Causes This injury occurs in sports where
  athletes must start and stop running quickly,
  must jump, or kick. Such as football, soccer,
  and basketball.
• Signs and Symptoms You will have sudden pain and
  may feel a "pop" in your hip or groin. You may
  have trouble moving your hip and leg. The pain is
  often worse when the area is touched.

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Avulsion Fracture
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Snapping Hip

• The snapping sensation results from the movement
  of a muscle or tendon over a bony structure.
• ITB-When the hip is straight, the band is behind
  the head of the femur. When the hip bends, the
  band moves over the head of the femur so that it
  is then front of it.
• Tendons-As you bend the hip, the tendon shifts
  across the anterior aspect of pelvis when you
  straighten the hip, the tendon moves back.
• Torn Labrum-If there is a loose flap of cartilage
  catching within the joint, this may cause a
  snapping sensation when the hip is moved.

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