8th Grade Final Exam Review

1
8th Grade Final Exam Review
2
Review 13-16

• Compromise- Settlement in which each side gives
  up some of their demands in order to reach an
  agreement
• Secede-To withdraw
• Underground Railroad- Secret network of people
  who helped runaway slaves to reach freedom in the
  North or Canada
• Abolition- Anti-Slavery

3
Review

• Popular Sovereignty- Control by the people,
  allowing each territory to decide for itself
  whether or not to allow slavery
• Uncle Toms Cabin- Anti-slavery book written by
  Harriet Beecher Stow

4
Review

• What was a negative result from the invention of
  the Cotton gin?
• Increase in slavery
• What was Lincoln's main goal during the Civil
  War?
• Preserve the Union
• What were three advantages of the North at the
  start of the Civil War?
• More citizens, more factories, more railroads,
  more materials

5
Review

• What were two advantages of the South at the
  beginning of the Civil War?
• They were fighting a defensive war, the citizens
  had good skills for soldiers
• Why did the North blockade southern ports during
  the Civil War?
• To prevent the South from getting goods

6
Review

• What were two southern strategies during the
  Civil War?
• Wait to be attacked and rely on Europe for goods
• What was the turning point of the Civil War?
• Gettysburg, the war changed from preserving the
  Union to an Anti-slavery campaign

7
Review-Chapter 17

• Reconstruction- Period after the Civil War when
  the South was rebuilt-Also a federal program to
  rebuild the South
• Ku Klux Klan- Secret groups first set up in the
  South after the Civil War, terrorized African
  Americans and other minorities
• Freedmens Bureau- Agency to help former slaves

8
Review

• Pull Factors- Condition that attracts people to
  a new area
• Old Immigrants-People who came from Northern
  and Western Europe- England, France, Spain,
  Germany and Scandinavia
• New Immigrants- People who came from Southern
  and Eastern Europe- Italians, Poles, and Eastern
  European Jews
• How have many people throughout history sought to
  limit immigration?
• Immigration laws and restrictions

9
Review

• Muckraker- Person who reported on corrupt
  politicians and other problems of cities
• Reform- To change
• The Jungle- Book written by Upton Sinclair about
  the corruption of the American meatpacking
  industry during the early 20th century

10
Review

• Primary- Election held before a general election
  in which voters chose their partys candidate for
  office.
• Suffrage- Right to vote

11
Review- Chapter 22

• Yellow Journalism- Sensational style of reporting
  used by some newspapers in the late 1800s
• Spanish American War- War between Spain and the
  US over the freeing of Cuba. Result- Spain gave
  up land to the US.
• Big Stick Policy- The idea that you should
  peacefully negotiate while also making sure to
  threaten the government.-Theodore Roosevelt

12
Review

• Panama Canal- Canal that connects the Atlantic to
  the Pacific- Paid for by the United States
• Imperialism- Policy by which one country takes
  control of the economic and political affairs of
  another country or region
• Open Door Policy- Policy toward China that
  allowed a nation to trade in any other nations
  Sphere of Influence

13
Review- Chapter 23

• Main causes of WWI-
• The Alliance System in Southern Europe and the
  Assassination of Archduke Fredrick Ferdinand
• Neutral- Choosing not to fight on either side in
  a war

14
Review-Chapter 25

• Great Depression- Period of Economic hard times
  from 1929-1941
• Dust Bowl- Severe drought and high winds caused
  blinding dust storms in the Great Plains causing
  people to move away
• Okies-Farmers from Oklahoma who had to move
  farther West because of the Dust Bowl

15
Review

• New Deal- Programs made by FDR during the
  Depression- Relief, Reform and Recovery
• Alphabet Agencies- Programs made by FDR part of
  the New Deal, for recovery
• Social Security Act- Law that provided for the
  elderly and unemployed

16
Review

• What were two causes of the Great Depression?
• Speculation, Stock market, Buying on margin
• How did Hoover and Roosevelt differ in their
  response to the Great Depression?
• Hoover was hands off by the government, FDR
  believed the government should help the citizens

17
Review-Ch 26

• Appeasement- Practice of giving into aggressor
  nations demands in order to maintain peace
• Neutrality- Not joining any side during a war
• Rosie the Riveter- Woman propaganda during WWII
  to tell women to do their part

18
Review

• Kamikaze- Japanese suicide killer
• Blitzkrieg- German word for lighting war- or fast
  attacks to win the war
• Holocaust- Hitler's mass killing of Jews
• D-Day- Day the Allies began the invasion of
  Europe in WWII
• Axis powers- Nations that fought against the
  Allies in WWII- Germany, Italy and Japan

19
Review

• Island Hopping- Allied WWII strategy to capture
  some Japanese held islands and going around
  others
• What caused the U.S. to become involved in WWII?
• Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
• What role did American industry play during WWII?
• Backed up allies, troops, supplies, etc

20
Review

• Cold War
• Between the United States and the Soviet Union
• The United States is Democratic
• The Soviet Union was Communist
• These two countries fought indirectly