Consolidation of Latin America

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Consolidation of Latin America

• 1830-1920

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Essential Questions

• What was the impact of the Mexican-American war?
• How has the Monroe Doctrine influenced U.S. and
  Latin American relations?
• How has Dollar Diplomacy influenced U.S. and
  Latin American relations?

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Creoles
Mestizos
Mulatos
Indians
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People

• Toussaint LOverture
• Miguel de Hidalgo
• Augustin Iturbide
• Simon Bolivar
• Jose de San Martin
• Joao VI
• Pedro I
• Jose Rodriguez de Francia
• Andres Santa Cruz

• 1830-1920

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People

• 1830-1920

• Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
• Benito Juarez
• Maximilian von Hapsburg
• Juan Manuel de Rosas
• Domingo F. Sarmiento
• Auguste Comte

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Places/Events

• Gran Colombia
• Argentine Republic
• Fazendas
• Panama Canal
• Manifest Destiny
• Monroe Doctrine
• Mexican-American War
• Spanish-American War

• 1830-1920

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Concepts

• 1830-1920

• Mask of Ferdinand
• Caudillos
• Federalists
• Positivism
• La Reforma
• Modernization Theory
• Dependency Theory
• Cientificos

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Concepts

• 1830-1920

• Centrists
• Guano
• Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
• Gauchos
• Machismo

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19th CenturyNationalism

• 1830-1920

• Creole elites establish
• Impacted by French Revolution
• Haitian Revolution

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Spanish-AmericanIndependence

• 1830-1920

• MEXICO
• 1810
• Miguel de Hidalgo
• Appealed to Mestizos
• Executed
• Augustin Iturbide
• independence
• 1824
• Republic
• Central America
• Independent

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Spanish-American Independence

• 1830-1920

• SOUTH AMERICA
• Simon Bolivar
• 1817-1822
• Venezuela
• Colombia
• Ecuador
• Gran Colombia
• 1830 separation

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BrazilianIndependence

• 1830-1920

• BRAZIL
• Rio de Janeiro
• Capital
• King Joao VI
• Jose de San Martin
• Rio de la Plata
• 1810-1816
• Buenos Aires
• Paraguay

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CulturalTraditions

• 1830-1920

• Enlightened Influences
• Creole Elites
• Not all agreed on
• Role of Church
• Role of Mestizos
• Women remain subservient
• Mass culture
• Not effected by elite trends

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Fragmentation of Empire

• 1830-1920

• Political Fragmentation
• Size undermines unity
• Poor transportation
• 18 nations
• Local focus

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Fragmentation of Empire

• 1830-1920

• Political Fragmentation
• Caudillos
• Local leaders
• Federalists
• Regional govt.
• Centralists
• Strong central govt.
• Liberals
• Rights Rule of Law
• Conservatives
• Creole elites

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Economies World Markets

• Britain U.S.
• After defeat of Napoleon
• Intervene with European powers
• British demands
• Free trade
• True costs
• Undermines local industries
• Creates dependent economies
• No land reform

• 1830-1920

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Economic Resurgence

• Auguste Comte
• Liberal 19th C.
• Scientific approach to social problems
• Economies expanded
• Population F
• Demand F
• Joined Liberals
• Foreign entrepreneurs
• Bankers
• Elites expropriated peasants land

• 1830-1920

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MexicoForeign Intervention

• Federalist Constitution
• Gave basic rights
• Slavery abolished
• Did not address
• land distribution
• Status of Indians
• Education
• Caudillo Conservative
• Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
• Drew foreign intervention
• Maximilian von Hapsburg
• French intervention

• 1830-1920

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MexicoForeign Intervention

• MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR 1854
• Mexico lost ½ territory
• Huge loss of potential
• 1857 French withdraw
• Maximilian von Hapsburg
• Executed 1872
• 1880s stability
• Political
• economic

• 1830-1920

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BrazilianEmpire

• Pedro I
• Economic resurgence
• Same Old liberal /conservative fight
• Land reform
• Slavery abolished 1888
• European immigration
• Coup 1889
• Republic

• 1830-1920

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Patterns of Culture

• Gender Patterns
• Women wives mothers
• No vote / hold office
• Lower classes
• More economic freedom
• Sociedad das castas
• Made illegal
• Little real change
• Economic growth
• At the expense of rights

• 1830-1920

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Great Boom1880-1920

• Liberal Ideology
• Freedom open markets
• Fuels expansion
• Small urban middle class
• Support own interests
• At expense of poor working class
• Export / import
• Unfavorable balance of trade
• Foreign investment
• U.S. Germany
• Britain

• 1830-1920

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Transformation

• Mexico
• Porfirio Diaz
• Modernization at the expense of liberal
  democratic principles
• Maintain repressive govt.
• Rig local elections
• 10 year civil war
• Argentina
• 1890s socialist party
• 1914 1/3 pop. Immigrants
• 1916 Radical Party
• repressive

• 1830-1920

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UNCLE SAM

• SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
• American Intervention
• DOLLAR DIPLOMACY
• Protect U.S. investment
• Territories Gained
• Puerto Rico
• Cuba
• Panama Canal

• 1830-1920

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Enduring Question

• Why has independence in Latin America not granted
  it people the same successful outcome that we see
  from independence movements in other areas I.E.
  the United States?