AMERICA IN VIETNAM

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AMERICA IN VIETNAM

• CHAPTER 30, SECTION 1

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IMPORTANT TERMS

• HO CHI MINH
• VIETMINH
• DOMINO THEORY
• DIEN BIEN PHU
• GENEVA ACCORDS
• NGO DINH DIEM
• VIETCONG
• HO CHI MINH TRAIL
• TONKIN GULF RESOLUTION

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IMPORTANT DATES

• 1941 JAPAN CONQUERS INDOCHINA
• 1946 FRANCE RETAKES INDOCHINA
• MAY, 1954 BATTLE OF DIEN BIEN PHU
• JULY, 1954
• THE GENEVA ACCORDS
• VIETNAM DIVIDED INTO NORTH SOUTH
• 1957 VIETCONG BEGIN OPERATIONS
• 1963 DIEM ASSASSINATED
• AUGUST, 1964
• THE TONKIN GULF INCIDENT
• THE TONKIN GULF RESOLUTION
• 1965 OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER

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FRENCH INDOCHINA

• BACKGROUND
• WHERE? VIETNAM, CAMBODIA, LAOS
• WHEN? MID-1800S
• WHY? NATURAL RESOURCES FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION
  ECONOMIC EXPANSION
• RUBBER
• RICE
• LARGE LABOR FORCE
• EFFECT?
• VIETNAMESE RESENT FOREIGN RULE
• 1930s 40s NATIONALIST OPPOSITION GROUPS
  BEGIN

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WW II

• 1941 JAPAN INVADES / OCCUPIES INDOCHINA
• WHY? JAPAN NEEDS RESOURCES MILITARY BASES
• NEW OPPOSITION GROUP APPEARS VIETMINH
• VIETMINH
• ORIGINALLY A NATIONALIST GROUP
• FOUNDED BY HO CHI MINH
• GOALS
• AN INDEPENDENT, SOVEREIGN VIETNAM
• FREEDOM FROM ANY FOREIGN RULE (ESPECIALLY
  CHINESE)
• Q WHY SO ABOUT CONCERNED ABOUT CHINA?
• FIRST OBJECTIVE DRIVE OUT THE FRENCH

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POST WW II ASIA
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CURRENT-DAYINDOCHINA
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CURRENT-DAYSOUTHEAST ASIA
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FRANCE LOSES INDOCHINA

• 1946 FRENCH BEGIN OFFENSIVE AGAINST VIETMINH
• VIETMINH ASK U.S. FOR HELP / SUPPORT
• EISENHOWER REFUSES WHY?
• U.S. IS CONCERNED ABOUT SOVIET EXPANSION IN W.
  EUROPE ASIA (CONTAINMENT)
• U.S. NEEDS TO MAKE SURE W. EUROPE ASIA CAN
  RESIST SOVIET EXPANSION
• THIS MEANS THOSE AREAS NEED TO HAVE STABLE
  ECONOMIES STABLE GOVERNMENTS
• SOU.S. HAS TO SUPPORT FRENCH ECONOMY
• HOW? SUPPORT THEIR COLONIAL CLAIMS

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FRANCE LOSES INDOCHINA

• IF FRENCH COLONIES CAN HELP REBUILD FRENCH
  ECONOMY, FRANCE WILL BE STABLE
• HELP HOW?
• RESOURCES
• MARKETS FOR GOODS FROM OTHER NATIONS
• EXAMPLE JAPAN
• EISENHOWER INTRODUCES DOMINO THEORY Define, p.
  885
• DOMINO THEORY BECOMES REASON FOR U.S.
• INVOLVEMENT IN INDOCHINA
• PROBLEM
• VIETMINH GAIN STRENGTH
• GOOD LEADERSHIP VO NGUYEN GIAP VIET MINH
  COMMANDER
• 1954 BATTLE OF DIEN BIEN PHU
• FRENCH ARMY DEVESTATED
• FRENCH AGREE TO PEACE TALKS
• 1954 GENEVA ACCORDS SIGNED
• VIETNAM DIVIDED ALONG 17th PARALLEL
• NORTH IS COMMUNISTY (HO CHI MINH) / SOUTH IS
  NATIONALIST (DIEM)
• 1956 NATION-WIDE ELECTION WILL BE HELD
• SO WHAT? FRENCH COLONIAL RULE ENDS / VIETNAM IS
  DIVIDED INDEPENDENT

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• Dien Bien Phu
• French Indochina,
• 1954

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• Dien Bien Phu
• Valley, Vietnam
• 1954

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Dien Bien Phu
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• French Army
• Positions Dispersal,
• Dien Bien Phu, 1954

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Dien Bien Phu
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French Army Funeral, Dien Bien Phu
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FRENCH TROOPS IN SLIT TRENCH, DIEN BIEN PHU
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VIETMINH SOLDIERS IN ASSAULT TRENCHES PREPARE FOR
ATTACK ON FRENCH POSITIONS,DIEN BIEN PHU,
1954
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Vietminh Victory, Dien Bien Phu
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FRENCH PRISONERS ON MARCH TO CAPTIVITY, DIEN BIEN
PHU,1954
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VIETMINH VICTORY POSTER, 1954
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AMERICA MOVES IN

• 1956 NATION-WIDE ELECTIONS SCHEDULED
• DIEM EISENHOWER ADMINISTRATION CONCERNED
• WHY? AFRAID COMMUNISTS MIGHT WIN
• DIEM CANCELS ELECTIONS U.S. SUPPORTS DIEM
• PROBLEM DIEM S REGIME IS CORRUPT
• DIEM ALIENATES MANY VIETNAMESE
• WHY?
• DEVOUT CATHOLIC OPPRESSES BUDDHIST MAJORITY
• NO POLITICAL OPPOSITION IS ALLOWED
• RESULT? HE IS A DICTATOR
• RESULT?
• 1957 VIETCONG (NLF) BEGINS OPERATIONS
• DIEM GOVT. CANT HANDLE IT BECOMES UNSTABLE
• SO WHAT?
• U.S. BEGINS TO SEND MILITARY AID ADVISORS TO
  V-NAM
• U.S. SPECIAL FORCES ARE HEAVILY INVOLVED

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• Ho Chi Minh Ngo Dinh Diem

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• HO CHI MINH
• On Time Cover

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AMERICA MOVES IN

• SOUTH VIETNAM GROWS MORE UNSTABLE
• VC ATTACKS
• PROTESTS, STRIKES, ETC.
• JFK ADMINISTRATION CONCERNED
• NOV., 1963
• JFK IS LIKELY AWARE OF DIEM ASSASSINATION PLAN
• JFK ADMINISTRATION DOESNT TRY TO STOP IT
• PROBLEM? INSTABILITY WORSENS
• STRING OF U.S. SUPPORTED MILITARY DICTATORS
• COMMUNISTS GAIN CONFIDENCE

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AMERICA COMMITS

• AUGUST 4, 1964 TONKIN GULF INCIDENT EXPLAIN
• AUGUST 7, 1964 THE TONKIN GULF RESOLUTION
  EXPLAIN
• FEBRUARY, 1965
• VC ATTACKS KILL U.S. SERVICEMEN
• LBJ ORDERS BOMBING OF N. VIETNAM TARGETS
• OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER BEGINS
• DEFINE LARGE-SCALE AERIAL BOMBING OF N.V-NAM
• MARCH, 1965 U.S. SENDS COMBAT TROOPS TO VIETNAM

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LBJs TONKIN GULF TELEVISIONADDRESS,AUGUST 4,
1964
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ROBERT McNAMARA, SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
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• The Gulf of Tonkin
• and Vietnam, 1964

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