POLICY MAKING PROCESS

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POLICY MAKING PROCESS
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Step One Problem Identification

• The citizens have to decide if its a problem
  that we want the government to get involved
  incensorship, consumer protection

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Step Two Policy Agenda

• Someone in government decides to address the
  issue
• a bill is introduced in Congress
• The President organizes a study group
• The courts agree to take the case

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• Lots of groups involved in steps 1 2
• Interest groups
• Labor unions
• Individuals
• The Public
• The Media

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• The Institutions of Govt
• Congress
• President
• Courts

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Step Three Policy Formulation

• This involves bargaining compromise. This is
  when a committee in Congress holds hearings
  allows experts citizens to testify. This step
  is gathering information looking at options to
  solve the problem.

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Step Three cont

• This step also includes looking at costs vs.
  benefitswhos going to pay whos going to
  benefit.
• This includes perceived costs vs. benefits as
  well as real costs benefits

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Step Four Policy Adoption

• Someone makes a decision
• Congress passes a bill
• The President issues an executive order
• The Court hands down an opinion in a case

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Step Four

• Policy Adoption can also include taking NO
  action. The govt can decide that there is no
  solution or no solution that can be passed in
  Congress.

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Step Five Policy Implementation

• The Bureaucracy is usually the major player in
  this step.

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There are 3 steps in the process of implementation

• 1. Translate the law into operational guidelines.
  
• 2. Get the personnel together with the equipment
  needed to carry out the law
• 3. Implement the law.

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Step Six Policy Evaluation

• This step just means that after the policy is
  implemented, it is looked atdid it solve the
  problems it was supposed to solve? The people
  are involved herewe let the govt know when they
  mess up!

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Step Six, cont

• Policy evaluation can lead to
• Changes in the policy
• Expansion of the policy
• Termination of the policy

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Types of Policy Domestic

• 1. Distributivethese policies encourage us to do
  somethingsubsidies for farmers, interest
  deduction for home ownersnot very controversial
• 2. Redistributiveshifting wealth or access,
  tends to be controversial have lots of interest
  group activityclear winners losers

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Domestic Policy

• 3. Regulatory Policy
• Protectivegenerally a type of consumer
  protectionstruth in advertising, regulations for
  nursing homes
• -- Competitive--this policy is designed to
  prevent monopolies

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Foreign Policy

• 1. StrategicU.S. Policy in regards to other
  countriestreaties, foreign trade, military
  alliances
• 2. Structural--personnel equipmentmilitary
  industrial complex
• 3. CrisisSept. 11, 2001, Pearl Harbor

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• THE END!