FISH

1
FISH

• HOLT CH. 30
• PG. 726-738

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CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH

• ENDOSKELETON

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CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH

• ENDOSKELETON
• GILLS

4
CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH

• ENDOSKELETON
• GILLS
• CLOSED-LOOP CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

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CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH

• ENDOSKELETON
• GILLS
• CLOSED-LOOP CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• KIDNEYS

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MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

• ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

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MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

• ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
• FINS AND SWIM BLADDER

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MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

• ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
• FINS AND SWIM BLADDER
• Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
  rapidly)

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MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

• ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
• FINS AND SWIM BLADDER
• Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
  rapidly)
• Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in
  water-gas sac

10
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

• ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
• FINS AND SWIM BLADDER
• Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
  rapidly)
• Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in
  water-gas sac
• SENSORY ORGANS
• NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe

11
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

• ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
• FINS AND SWIM BLADDER
• Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
  rapidly)
• Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in
  water-gas sac
• SENSORY ORGANS
• NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe
• EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe

12
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

• ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
• FINS AND SWIM BLADDER
• Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
  rapidly)
• Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in
  water-gas sac
• SENSORY ORGANS
• NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe
• EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe
• TASTE-tongue, skin

13
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

• ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
• FINS AND SWIM BLADDER
• Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
  rapidly)
• Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in
  water-gas sac
• SENSORY ORGANS
• NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe
• EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe
• TASTE-tongue, skin
• EARS-AUDITORY nerve

14
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

• ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
• FINS AND SWIM BLADDER
• Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
  rapidly)
• Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in
  water-gas sac
• SENSORY ORGANS
• NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe
• EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe
• TASTE-tongue, skin
• EARS-AUDITORY nerve
• LATERAL LINE-senses vibrations in water

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RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

• Get oxygen from water (GILLS)

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RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

• Get oxygen from water (GILLS)
• OPERCULUM-gill cover

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RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

• Get oxygen from water (GILLS)
• OPERCULUM-gill cover
• COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-

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RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

• Get oxygen from water (GILLS)
• OPERCULUM-gill cover
• COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-
• Water passes over gills in one direction, blood
  flows opposite direction (85 of dissolved O2
  passes over gills)

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RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

• Get oxygen from water (GILLS)
• OPERCULUM-gill cover
• COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-
• Water passes over gills in one direction, blood
  flows opposite direction (85 of dissolved O2
  passes over gills)
• SINGLE LOOP BLOOD CIRCULATION

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RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

• Get oxygen from water (GILLS)
• OPERCULUM-gill cover
• COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-
• Water passes over gills in one direction, blood
  flows opposite direction (85 of dissolved O2
  passes over gills)
• SINGLE LOOP BLOOD CIRCULATION
• Blood-gtgills-gtheart (atrium then
  ventricle)-gtpumped body-gtgills

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EXCRETION

• Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is
  water)

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EXCRETION

• Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is
  water)
• SALT/WATER BALANCE-

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EXCRETION

• Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is
  water)
• SALT/WATER BALANCE-
• Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue

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EXCRETION

• Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is
  water)
• SALT/WATER BALANCE-
• Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue
• Excess salt pumped out through gills

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EXCRETION

• Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is
  water)
• SALT/WATER BALANCE-
• Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue
• Excess salt pumped out through gills
• FRESH water fish have more salt in TISSUES than
  water-take in salt from environment

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EXCRETION

• Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is
  water)
• SALT/WATER BALANCE-
• Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue
• Excess salt pumped out through gills
• FRESH water fish have more salt in TISSUES than
  water-take in salt from environment
• Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water

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EXCRETION

• Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is
  water)
• SALT/WATER BALANCE-
• Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue
• Excess salt pumped out through gills
• FRESH water fish have more salt in TISSUES than
  water-take in salt from environment
• Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water
• KIDNEYS-

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EXCRETION

• Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is
  water)
• SALT/WATER BALANCE-
• Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue
• Excess salt pumped out through gills
• FRESH water fish have more salt in TISSUES than
  water-take in salt from environment
• Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water
• KIDNEYS-
• Maintain salt and water balance

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EXCRETION

• Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is
  water)
• SALT/WATER BALANCE-
• Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue
• Excess salt pumped out through gills
• FRESH water fish have more salt in TISSUES than
  water-take in salt from environment
• Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water
• KIDNEYS-
• Maintain salt and water balance
• Removes wastes from blood
• Excess water leave in form of urine

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REPRODUCTION

• Most reproduce sexually and externally SPAWNING

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REPRODUCTION

• Most reproduce sexually and externally SPAWNING
• Usually spawn in large groups (schools)

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REPRODUCTION

• Most reproduce sexually and externally SPAWNING
• Usually spawn in large groups (schools)
• INTERNAL fertilization in skates, sharks, and
  rays.

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REPRODUCTION

• Most reproduce sexually and externally SPAWNING
• Usually spawn in large groups (schools)
• INTERNAL fertilization in skates, sharks, and
  rays.
• CLASPERS-male organ used to grasp female

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REPRODUCTION

• Most reproduce sexually and externally SPAWNING
• Usually spawn in large groups (schools)
• INTERNAL fertilization in skates, sharks, and
  rays.
• CLASPERS-male organ used to grasp female
• Eggs develop inside, born live

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GROUPS OF FISH

• 3 main groups

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GROUPS OF FISH

• 3 main groups
• Jawless fish

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GROUPS OF FISH

• 3 main groups
• Jawless fish
• Cartilagenous fish

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GROUPS OF FISH

• 3 main groups
• Jawless fish
• Cartilagenous fish
• Bony fish

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GROUPS OF FISH

• 3 main groups
• Jawless fish
• Cartilagenous fish
• Bony fish
• JAWLESS (AGNATHA)
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE

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GROUPS OF FISH

• 3 main groups
• Jawless fish
• Cartilagenous fish
• Bony fish
• JAWLESS (AGNATHA)
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE
• Keep NOTOCHORD into adulthood (no spinal
  cord/spine)

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GROUPS OF FISH

• 3 main groups
• Jawless fish
• Cartilagenous fish
• Bony fish
• JAWLESS (AGNATHA)
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE
• Keep NOTOCHORD into adulthood (no spinal
  cord/spine)
• HAGFISH-scavengers/predators- deep in ocean,
  create slime/tie into knots

42
GROUPS OF FISH

• 3 main groups
• Jawless fish
• Cartilagenous fish
• Bony fish
• JAWLESS (AGNATHA)
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE
• Keep NOTOCHORD into adulthood (no spinal
  cord/spine)
• HAGFISH-scavengers/predators- deep in ocean,
  create slime/tie into knots
• LAMPREY-parasites, suction mouth

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGINOUS FISH

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NURSE SHARK(notice gill slits)
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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGINOUS FISH
• paired fins and jaws

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGINOUS FISH
• paired fins and jaws
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGINOUS FISH
• paired fins and jaws
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE
• Cartilage strengthened by calcium carbonate

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGINOUS FISH
• paired fins and jaws
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE
• Cartilage strengthened by calcium carbonate
• SHARKS-
• STREAMLINED-move through water fast

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGINOUS FISH
• paired fins and jaws
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE
• Cartilage strengthened by calcium carbonate
• SHARKS-
• STREAMLINED-move through water fast
• TRIANGLE shaped scales (PLACOID SCALES)

50
GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGINOUS FISH
• paired fins and jaws
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE
• Cartilage strengthened by calcium carbonate
• SHARKS-
• STREAMLINED-move through water fast
• TRIANGLE shaped scales (PLACOID SCALES)
• TEETH are modified scales (6-10 ROWS, 20,000 in
  life time)

51
GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGINOUS FISH
• paired fins and jaws
• Skeletons of CARTILAGE
• Cartilage strengthened by calcium carbonate
• SHARKS-
• STREAMLINED-move through water fast
• TRIANGLE shaped scales (PLACOID SCALES)
• TEETH are modified scales (6-10 ROWS, 20,000 in
  life time)
• Largest sharks (whale shark) eat PLANKTON, most
  others are predators

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies

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(No Transcript)
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DIAMOND STINGRAY
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BIG SKATE
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MANTA RAY
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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH
• 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage
  and jawless COMBINED)

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH
• 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage
  and jawless COMBINED)
• One of most successful vertebrates

65
GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH
• 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage
  and jawless COMBINED)
• One of most successful vertebrates
• Bone endoskeleton

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH
• 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage
  and jawless COMBINED)
• One of most successful vertebrates
• Bone endoskeleton
• RAY-FINNED FISH

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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH
• 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage
  and jawless COMBINED)
• One of most successful vertebrates
• Bone endoskeleton
• RAY-FINNED FISH
• Fins supported by rays (TELEOSTS

68
GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH
• 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage
  and jawless COMBINED)
• One of most successful vertebrates
• Bone endoskeleton
• RAY-FINNED FISH
• Fins supported by rays (TELEOSTS
• 96 of fish

69
GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH
• 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage
  and jawless COMBINED)
• One of most successful vertebrates
• Bone endoskeleton
• RAY-FINNED FISH
• Fins supported by rays (TELEOSTS
• 96 of fish
• LOBE-FINNED FISH
• COELOCANTH (PG. 738)

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COELACANTH
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GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH
• 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage
  and jawless COMBINED)
• One of most successful vertebrates
• Bone endoskeleton
• RAY-FINNED FISH
• Fins supported by rays (TELEOSTS
• 96 of fish
• LOBE-FINNED FISH
• COELOCANTH (PG. 738)
• Fleshy fins

72
GROUPS OF FISH

• CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED
• SKATES/RAYS
• Flat bodies
• Life on sea floor
• Giant manta ray7m wide (most others smaller)
• Some discharge electrical charge
• BONY FISH
• 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage
  and jawless COMBINED)
• One of most successful vertebrates
• Bone endoskeleton
• RAY-FINNED FISH
• Fins supported by rays (TELEOSTS
• 96 of fish
• LOBE-FINNED FISH
• COELOCANTH (PG. 738)
• Fleshy fins
• Direct ancestors of amphibians and land
  vertebrates
• LUNG FISH

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LUNGFISH
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LUNGFISH