Warm-Up

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Warm-Up

• Most people know that tobacco is harmful. Why do
  you think some people continue to use tobacco
  products?

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Tobacco The Effects of Tobacco Use

• Lesson 13

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Tobacco A Serious Health Risk

• According to the Surgeon General, tobacco use is
  the NUMBER 1 cause of preventative disease and
  death in the United States
• Avoiding all forms of tobacco can prevent many
  serious health problems
• Many people start smoking thinking they can quit
  whenever they want, but once they have formed the
  habit it is very difficult to quit

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Nicotine

• The addictive drug found in tobacco leaves
• A substance that causes physiological or
  psychological dependence
• Nicotine is a stimulant
• A drug that increases the action of the central
  nervous system, the heart and other organs
• Raises blood pressure
• Increases heart rate
• Contributes to heart disease
• Contributes to stroke

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Cigarette Smoke- A Toxic Mixture

• Tobacco is not only addictive, but the smoke is
  TOXIC
• The Environmental Protection Agency classified
  second-hand smoke as a Group A carcinogen
• Cancer causing substance
• Cigarettes contain 43 known carcinogens,
  including formaldehyde and arsenic. They also
  contain chemicals used in insecticides, paint,
  toilet cleaners, antifreeze and explosives

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Tar

• A thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco
  burns
• Effects of tar
• Destroys cilia, tiny hair-like structures that
  line the upper airways and protect against
  infection
• damages alveoli, the air sacs in the lugs which
  absorb oxygen and rid the body of carbon dioxide
• Destroys lung tissue, making lungs less able to
  function

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Healthy lung vs Smokers lung
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Carbon Monoxide

• Another component found in cigarette smoke
• Colorless, odorless, poisonous gas
• Taken up more readily by the blood than oxygen,
  replacing oxygen in the blood and depriving the
  tissues and cells of the body
• Increases the risk of high blood pressure, heart
  disease and hardening of the arteries

9
Harmful Effects of Pipes and Cigars

• Cigars contain more nicotine and produce more tar
  and carbon monoxide than cigarettes do
• One cigar can contain as much nicotine as A PACK
  of cigarettes
• Pipe and cigar smokers have an increased risk of
  developing cancers of the lip, mouth and throat
• Lungs damaged by smoking are more susceptible to
  diseases such as bronchitis, pneumonia, emphysema
  and cancer

10
Harmful Effects of Smokeless Tobacco

• Smokeless tobacco
• Sniffed through nose, held in mouth, or chewed
• Contains nicotine in addition to 28 carcinogens
  all of which are absorbed into the blood
• Since it is often held in the mouth, it delivers
  both nicotine and carcinogens to the body at
  levels that can be 2-3 times the amount delivered
  by a single cigarette
• Irritates the mouths sensitive tissues, causing
  leukoplakia

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Leukoplakia

• Thickened, white, leathery looking spots on the
  inside of the mouth that can develop into oral
  cancer
• Cancers of the throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach
  and pancreas are also more common among users of
  smokeless tobacco

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Short Term Effects of Tobacco Use

• Changes in brain chemistry
• Addictive properties of nicotine cause the body
  to crave more of the drug
• User may experience withdrawal symptoms such as
  headaches, nervousness and trembling as soon as
  30 minutes after his/her last tobacco use
• Increased respiration and heart rate
• Breathing becomes more difficult
• Nicotine can cause an irregular heart rate
• Dulled taste buds and reduced appetite
• Bad breath
• Smelly hair, clothes and skin
• May cause people to avoid the tobacco user

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Long Term Effects of Tobacco Use

• Chronic bronchitis
• Damage to the cilia cause them to lose function.
  This causes a build up of tar causing chronic
  coughing and excessive mucus secretion
• Emphysema
• Destroys the alveoli in the lungs making it more
  difficult for the lungs to absorb oxygen.
• A person with advanced emphysema uses up to 80
  percent of his or her energy in order to
  breathe!!!!
• Lung cancer
• With the build up of mucus due to the destruction
  of cilia, cancerous cells can begin to grow
• Unless detected early, lung cancer causes death
• Coronary heart disease and stroke
• Nicotine constricts blood vessels, decreasing
  circulation
• Nicotine contributes to plaque buildup in blood
  vessels, leading to hardened arteries
  (arteriosclerosis)
• Clogged arteries increase the risk of heart
  attack and stroke
• The risk of sudden death from heart disease is
  THREE TIMES greater for smokers

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Other Consequences

• Legal
• Selling tobacco to people under 18 is illegal
• Schools prohibit the use of tobacco products on
  school property
• Social
• People find secondhand smoke and the smell of
  tobacco offensive
• Tobacco users may be excluded from social
  gatherings
• Bad breath, yellowed teeth and smelly clothing
  may also harm a tobacco users social life
• Financial
• Expensive to use tobacco products
• Total economic cost of tobacco use to taxpayers
  in the US is 97 BILLION a year