Leader

1
Leader Leadership structure

• Shabana Shaheen

2
Overview

• Hierarchal structure
• Independent autonomous departments with oversight
  from leader
• Tensions and Rivalries

3
Falzur Rehman Khalil and Farooq Kashmiri

• Khalil established group in the early 1990s
• Kashmiri was second in command and an extremely
  popular leader in the organization
• Khalil stepped down in 2000 and Kashmiri
  succeeded him
• Kashmiri more assertive and has more authority
  over the organization

4
The Departments

• Four main departments functioning independently
  of each other
• Each department led by an individual leader
• Autonomy to control actions of department but not
  without approval of Kashmiri
• Dispersed in various regions in Pakistan, India,
  and Afghanistan

5
Rivalries, Tensions, and Captured Leaders

• Difficult to solidify an institutional structure
  due to rivalries among other groups and leaders
• Masood Azhar split from HUM, creating his own
  group
• Much of HUMs activity revolves around securing
  the release of jailed leaders and operatives

6
Conclusion

• Charasmatic leaders and highly skilled operatives
• Fragmentation and a lack of institutional
  structure
• HUMs strengths and weaknesses rooted in its
  leadership