Objectives

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Objectives
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Describe four types of tissues that make up the
  human body.
• Explain how tissues, organs, and organ systems
  are organized.
• Summarize the functions of the primary organ
  systems in the human body.
• Identify the five human body cavities and the
  organs that each contains.

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Body Tissues
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• All tissues are a collection of cells that have a
  similar structure and that work together to
  perform a particular function.
• Muscle Tissue
• Muscle tissue is
• composed of cells
• that can contract in a
• coordinated fashion.

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Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Muscle Tissue, continued
• The human body has three types of muscle tissue
  skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
• Skeletal muscle moves the bones in your trunk,
  limbs, and face.
• Smooth muscle handles body functions that you
  cannot control consciously.
• Cardiac muscle, found in your heart, pumps blood
  through your body.

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Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Nervous Tissue
• Nervous tissue
• contains cells,
• or neurons, that
• receive and
• transmit messages
• in the form of
• electrical impulses.
• Neurons are nerve cells that are specialized to
  receive and send electrical impulses.

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Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Nervous Tissue, continued
• Nervous tissue can be found throughout the human
  body and has various functions.
• For example, nervous tissue can be found in the
  brain and sensory organs and is used to interpret
  sensory information.

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Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Epithelial Tissue
• Epithelial tissue is tissue that is composed of a
  sheet of cells and that covers a body surface or
  lines a body cavity.
• Epithelial tissue is found in various thicknesses
  and arrangements, depending on where it is
  located.

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Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Epithelial Tissue, continued
• Each epithelial layer
• is formed from cells
• that are tightly bound
• together, often
• providing a protective
• barrier for these
• surfaces.

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Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Connective Tissue
• Connective tissue is a tissue that has a lot of
  intracellular substance and that connects and
  supports other tissues.

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Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Connective Tissue, continued
• Connective tissues are the most abundant and
  diverse of the four types of tissue and contain a
  substance called matrix.
• Matrix is an intracellular substance that gives
  connective tissue its strength and flexibility
  and can be solid, semisolid, or liquid.

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Human Body Tissues
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
11
Body Tissues
12
Body Tissues
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept
13
Organs and Organ Systems
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• An organ consists of various tissues that work
  together to carry out a specific function.
• Groups of organs interact in an organ system.
• Organ systems work together to function in an
  efficient, integrated manner.

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Major Organ Systems of the Human Body
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
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Organs and Organ Systems, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Integration of Organ Systems
• An even higher level of organization is the
  integration of organ systems.
• The integration of organ systems can be described
  as each organ system having organs associated
  with it according to that organs primary
  function. This is so the organ system can work
  more efficiently.

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Overview of Organ Systems
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept
17
Body Cavities
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• Many organs and organ systems in the human body
  are housed in compartments called body cavities.
• These cavities protect internal organs from
  injuries and permit organs to function while
  remaining securely supported.
• Each human cavity can contains one or more organs.

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Body Cavities, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• The human body has five main body cavities,
  including the cranial cavity, the spinal cavity,
  the thoracic cavity, the abdominal cavity, and
  the pelvic cavity.
• The cranial cavity is the cavity that contains,
  supports, and protects the brain.
• The spinal cavity is the cavity that contains,
  supports, and protects the spinal cord.

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Body Cavities, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45

• The thoracic cavity is the cavity that contains,
  supports, and protects the heart, esophagus, and
  the organs of the respiratory system.
• The abdominal cavity is the cavity that contains,
  supports, and protects the digestive system.
• The pelvic cavity is the cavity that contains,
  supports, and protects the organs of the
  reproductive and excretory systems.

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Cavities of the Human Body
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
21
Human Body Cavities
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept