GLOBAL POPULATION

1
GLOBAL POPULATION

• Population Counter

2
Demography

• This is the statistical study of human
  population. It explains the causes and
  consequences of pop changes around the world.
• What are the effects of an increase/decrease?
• What caused the increases in certain areas and
  decreases in others?
• 7 Billion-The National Geographic

3
What do we know already?

• Worlds population in 1900 was 1.6 billion.
• In 1960 it was 3 billion and by 1999 reached 6.
• UN demographers project world population in 2050
  to be between 7.3-10.7 billion people. (This
  assumes fertility rates will drastically
  decline.)
• Fertility rates have come down from an average of
  6 children per woman in 1950 to 2.9 children per
  woman in 2000.
• But, there are more people of childbearing age
  now than ever. (Roughly half the worlds
  population is under 25) This will mean a drastic
  increase in population by the billions.

4
Population Explosion

• Population doubled from 1960 to 2000. (3 billion
  to 6)
• What could be the problems resulting from this
  explosion?
• Put a strain on governments, economic systems and
  food systems and resources.
• A few parts of the world handled this explosion
  well with an increase in living standards,
  however the already poor nations were made poorer.

5
(No Transcript)
6
What would be the effects of an increasing
population?
7
Overpopulation

• The demands of growing populations exceed the
  countrys carrying capacity.
• Reading Will Overpopulation Crush the Crust of
  the Earth.
• National Geographic pictures

8
High Fertility Rates Connections

• Fertility rates remain high in some very
  populated areas (Africa, and South Central Asia)
• Why?
• Levels of income and education are lower there.
• Is there a connection between fertility rate and
  wealth?
• Numerous children may be needed. They provide
  support to aging parents, help raise food,
  collect water, care for younger children and
  collect supplies.
• In poorer countries parents expect that a couple
  may die, so they plan for this.
• They also may work outside the home to supplement
  household income or be indentured or even sold to
  support the family.

9
What about education levels?

• Birth rates are linked to education as well.
• The more education people have the more economic
  options they have and usually they do not want or
  need many children.
• In areas of the world where education levels are
  the highest fertility rates are the lowest.

10
World Fertility Rates
11
Overall Effect

• With the increase in the population there is an
  increase in need for resources. (This hurts our
  sustainability.)
• Eventually there becomes a lack of resources and
  damage to the environment. This in turn leads to
  fewer resources.
• What are the effects of this?
• Environmental degradation, poverty, conflict.
  (People fight for what they dont have.)

12
Solutions?

• What are some solutions to the high fertility
  rates?
• Educating (especially women, the more educated
  they are, they later they get married and the
  later they have children.)
• Better health care, and reproductive health care
• Reduce infant mortality.
• Make contraceptives readily available
• But, will this all work in the very poor nations?

13
What are the effects of a decreasing population?
14
Declining Growth Rate

• Since 1980 the growth rate has declined from 2.4
  growth to 1.9. This is the largest decline in
  history.
• What are the problems with a declining
  population?
• Social Systems and economies rely on growing
  populations.
• Complete question 9 on page 59.

15
Effects of Decline (9, p59)

• Percentage of older people grows.
• Need pensions, health care, retirement homes
• Younger generation pays for the older
  generations.
• People are needed to fill all the jobs from the
  older generation. (Smaller workforce.)
• Economy suffers, not as much money going back
  into the economy (fixed income)
• More houses available than needed, value of homes
  go down.
• Any more?