The transformation from the alphabet into climate systems

1
Köppens climate classification

• The transformation from the alphabet into climate
  systems

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Köppen

• Wladimir Peter Köppen was born on September 25,
  1846 in Saint Petersburg, Russia
• He was German meteorologist, climatologist and
  botanist.
• His student dissertation dealt with the effects
  of temperature on plant growth.
• The development of the Köppen climate
  classification system came around 1900, which he
  kept improving for the rest of his life.

• Who was Köppen?

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How did Köppen divide the different climates?

• Köppen divided the Earth's surface into climatic
  regions that generally coincided with world
  patterns of vegetation and soils.
• The Köppen system recognizes five major climate
  types based on the annual and monthly averages of
  temperature and precipitation.

• The types are designated by the capital letters
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• H

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The major climate types

• A - Moist Tropical Climates
• B - Dry Climates
• C - Humid Middle Latitude Climates
• D - Continental Climates
• E - Cold Climates
• H - Highlands

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Subgroups

• f - Moist with adequate precipitation in all
  months and no dry season.
• m-Rainforest climate in spite of short, dry
  season in monsoon type cycle.
• s - There is a dry season in the summer of the
  respective hemisphere.
• w- There is a dry season in the winter of the
  respective hemisphere
• a - Hot summers where the warmest month is over
  22C.
• b -Warm summer with the warmest month below 22C
  .
• c - Cool, short summers with less than four
  months over 10C.
• d - Very cold winters with the coldest month
  below -38C.
• h - Dry-hot with a mean annual temperature over
  18C.
• k - Dry-cold with a mean annual temperature under
  18C.

• Subgroups are designated by a second, lower case
  letter which distinguish specific seasonal
  characteristics of temperature and precipitation.
  Later, a third letter was added to the code, to
  further denote the variations in climate.

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An overview of Köppens classification
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An on the picture it looks like this