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Title: Unit 3: Chapter 3 and Europe


1
Unit 3 Chapter 3 and Europe
2
Climate and Weather
  • Weather the condition of the atmosphere in one
    place during a limited period of time.
  • Climate the term for the weather patterns that
    an area typically experiences over a long period
    of time.

3
Understannding Climate and Weather
  • Earths Tilt and Rotation- tilt on axis of 23.5

4
  • Earths Revolution
  • 365 days and 6 hours
  • creates seasons
  • Equinox- direct rays on the equator (equal day
    and night)
  • The Tropic of Capricorn and Tropic of Cancer-
    lines of Latitude.
  • 23.5 S and 23.5 N
  • When direct rays are on those lines, the longest
    day of night and day (Winter Solstice and Summer
    Solstice)

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  • Poles- The Poles receive 6 months of sunlight and
    6 months of nighttime.

7
  • Greenhouse Effect
  • Part of suns radiation gets through the
    atmosphere and the heat is trapped by atmosphere
    which is necessary for life.
  • Great CO2 absorbs more heat which increases the
    overall temperature gt Global Warming

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9
Elevation and Climate
  • As elevation increases, the thinning air retains
    less heat and cools.

10
Oceans and large bodies of water change climates.
The Great Conveyor Belt
11
Climate Patterns
  • Tropical
  • tropical rain forest- daily rain, canopy.
  • tropical savannah- yearly grasses and trees.

12
  • Dry Climates
  • desert- less than 10 inches of rain/year.
  • steppe- between 10 and 20 inches of rain/year.
    Supports grassland.

13
  • Mid-Latitudes- Seasonal Changes
  • marine west coast- increased atmospheric pressure
    due to rise in elevation heavy precipitation
    consistently cool.
  • Mediterranean- 40 degrees (N/S). Semi-dry
    climate.
  • Humid subtropical- mild winters, year long rains.
  • Humid continental- extreme weather changes

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  • High Latitudes-
  • subarctic- permanent frozen subsoil (permafrost)
    begins.
  • tundra- trees cannot take root.
  • ice caps- glaciers are 1-2 miles deep

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  • Highlands- climate determined by elevation

19
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20
Europe
  • In many ways, Europes success has been
    determined and driven by their access to water.
  • Peninsulas
  • Scandinavian- Norway, Sweden, Finland
  • Jutland- Denmark
  • Iberian- Spain and Portugal
  • Apennine- Italy
  • Balkan- South-Eastern Europe

21
Scandinavian
Jutland
22
Apennine
Iberian
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24
Europe
25
Nations
  • Europe is made up of over 50 different countries.
  • Migration
  • Cultural diffusion spread of cultural traits
    from one culture to another.
  • Conflict
  • Created diversity of ethnic groups

26
Ethnic Groups
  • 160 different ethnic groups in Europe
  • What is an ethnic group?
  • Many countries in Europe are made of one
    ethnicity. Why?
  • Nationalism
  • Tension Majority v. Minority

27
Bosnian War
  • Serbs v. Bosnians (Bosniaks)

28
Ancient Greece
29
City States
A state with its own government which consists of
city and its surrounding villages.
30
Romans
31
Roman Empire
32
Fall of Rome
  • The Dark Ages or Medieval Europe
  • Power Vacuum a condition that exists when there
    is no legitimate central power structure leading
    to competition to obtain power.
  • The most central power in Europe becomes the
    Catholic Church.

33
Feudalism
34
Crusades
  • Starting in 1000 AD and ending in the late
    1200s.
  • Campaigns sanctioned by the Catholic Church into
    Eastern Europe and the Middle East.
  • Led to cultural diffusion gt Strengthened
    Europes Economy, Academia, and led to innovation

35
Renaissance
  • Europes rebirth
  • Return to Classical Culture
  • Greek and Roman

36
Western Movements
  • Reformation the reforming of the Catholic Church
    which led to Protestant Christian sects.
  • Created power for the Monarchs
  • Scientific Revolution scientific movement that
    led to the end of Greek foundations and the use
    of the scientific method.
  • Enlightenment scientific principles were applied
    to political and social theory to improve social
    foundations.

37
Conflict
  • Revolution
  • Democracy
  • Industrialization- Competition
  • Military build-up
  • Conflict- WWI and WWII

38
European Union
  • 1950s- Western Europe needed to rebuild after
    WWII
  • Links between coal and steel industry
  • EEC European Economic Community
  • EC European Community- common trade policy and
    removal or trade barriers
  • EU European Union- no restrictions of movement
    of goods, services, and labor
  • Common currency, political standards, financial
    standards
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