Leadership: Understanding its Global Impact

1
LeadershipUnderstanding its Global Impact
Chapter 8 Power and influence
2
Learning objectives

• Recognise various types of power that leaders
  draw upon
• Explain the relationship between power and
  influence
• Identify various tactics for becoming an
  empowering leader
• Explain how empowerment works
• Understand the less direct forms of influencing
  people

3
Chapter contents

• Spotlight Jim Taggart
• Introduction
• Sources and types of power
• Power and transformational leadership
• Influence tactics
• Connecting power and influence tactics
• Leader in action Dr James Cowley
• Gentle Influence
• Empowerment
• Summary
• Case study Kevin Rudd and Malcolm Turnbull

4
Spotlight Jim Taggart

• Provides an alternative view of power and
  influence
• Effective influence involves a combination of
  humility and a fierce resolve
• There are many alternative power sources
  available to modern leaders

5
Introduction

• Power and influence are at the heart of
  leadership
• Position does it influence?
• Need to acquire different forms of power
• Leaders need to inspire and motivate and not rely
  on postition

6
Power A dirty word?

• Kanter 1983
• the last dirty word. It is easier to talk
  about moneyand much easier to talk about
  sexthan it is to talk about power.
• Galinsky et al. 2008
• time to look beyond the stereotype of power as
  corrupting
• 80 of managers terminated by organisations are
  terminated because of an inappropriate
  influencing style

7
Sources and types of power

• Power bases

8
Power and transformational leadership

• The use of personal power (both referent and
  expert) is related to the perception of
  transformational leadership
• Leaders who draw upon their personal power rather
  than their positional power are perceived as more
  able

9
Influence

• Yukl, Lepsinger Lucia 1992
• Influence Behavior Questionnaire
• Yukl Tracey 1992
• 11 influence tactics proactive
• Effective leaders use a range of influence
  tactics and do not rely on a limited repertoire

10
Connecting power and influence tactics
11
Leader in action Dr James Cowley

• The first thing a leader has to do is train
  himself to reject power as a leadership or
  management approach. Once you believe you have
  power, you will lose the plot. Lasting influence
  does not come through power .

12
Gentle influence

• Global financial crisis caused by widespread
  aggressive and inappropriate influencing?
• Time to move on?
• Pace, Miller Stephan 2008
• 8 techniques for applying gentle influence

13
Empowerment

• Psychological empowerment
• Spreitzer 1995, team members feel empowered when
  four related components are enabled
• Environmental empowerment
• Lee Koh 2001, empowerment arises because of the
  behaviour of the leader rather than the
  psychological state of team members

14
Summary

• Influence is what leadership is all about
• Effective leaders use a wide variety of influence
  tactics
• Leaders need power to increase their ability to
  influence others
• Trend away from direct and aggressive forms of
  influence

15
Case study Kevin Rudd and Malcolm Turnbull

• The modern expectation is that leaders will
  influence others by persuasion or inspiration
  rather than by coercion or by giving orders. It
  is expected that they will produce cooperative
  effort towards common goals. In your opinion
  which of the leaders is best suited to meet this
  expectation? Why?
• Using the list of influencing tactics described
  in this chapter, observe in the media both
  leaders in action over a four-week period.
  Calculate the tactics they most often use.
  Determine through opinion polls if these tactics
  are working for them.
• Given the similarities and differences between
  the two leaders, use the theory on power and
  influence outlined in this chapter to explain the
  effectiveness of their styles.