Influence of ICT on working style used

1
Influence of ICT on working style used within
frames of Lifelong Education
Tatjana Šepic
Ivan Pogarcic
Sanja Raspor The Polytechnic of
Rijeka
2
Some starting points

• Manner of Influence of ICT Implementation in all
  human activities
• Indirect and/or direct influence of ICT in
  qualitative and quantitative sense
• Education as a process of gaining knowledge,
  skills and competencies
• Lifelong Education as a necessity
• ICT and web as a way to approach information and
  knowledge
• The approach in a specific moment and for a
  specific period of time
• Manners and positions when ICT can influence the
  working style

3
What is a Style?

• Style (lat. stilus - pencil) is way of expressing
  character by all those features that differ it
  from others
• Style can be determined by an individual or a
  group or an organisation character that through
  its internal communications create its own
  character, a combination of individuals
  characters

4
Style and way of acquiring one

• Style and mode what is the difference?
• Mode as a way of realising one or more activities
• Mode is generally predefined and in a certain
  measure determined
• Level of determination sets possibility of any
  kind of variations - differences
• Variations have stochastic characteristics that
  can define differences in the mode of performance
• Expressed differences in qualitative and
  quantitative sense represent a style

5
About defining a style

• Is there a way to define a style?
• Is it determined independently, or is it
  influenced by someone or something else?
• What about style within the frame of Lifelong
  Education?
• In which circumstances the working style changes?

6
Style and its indicators
Source assessment.insala.com/centermark/Includes/
Sample Working Styles.pdf, (30.07.2009.)
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Education and style

• Work styles are connected to an individuals
  behaviour or a group in general
• The behaviour implies a pattern determined upon
  experiences or momentarily circumstances
• Work styles are connected to acquired knowledge
  and skills
• Work styles are connected to teaching and
  educational styles

8
The way of determining (work) styles

• The crucial areas (from bottom to top)
• Professional Attitudes (Motivation, Persistence,
  Conformity, Responsibility, Structure and
  Variety)
• Social Aspects (individual work, pair/group/team
  work or inclination towards authority)
  Environmental Preferences (noise, lightening,
  temperature, type of furniture etc.)

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The way of determining (work) styles

• The crucial areas (from the bottom to the top)
• Physical Needs (mobility during the work, intake
  and specific part of day)
• Sensory Modalities (listening, visualisation,
  tactile and kinetic capabilities)
• Brain Processing (reflexive and impulsive mode of
  working and decision making)

10
Starting assumptions

• ICT influences educational style through
  different modes of e-Learning
• Information science knowledge increases tendency
  towards usage of ICT in education and work
• More intensive usage of ICT in all modes of
  business is an imperative of adjustment to new
  working conditions PC on the work place
• ICT application increases and improves
  possibility of profession identification or
  adjustment to the present needs
• ICT ensures potential independence of place and
  time of executing work assignments
• ICT allows virtualisation of work and work place

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Caracteristics of examinees

• Research has been conducted using a questionnaire
  on a sample of 100 examinees.
• The examinees have been questioned via e-mail,
  providing anonymous answers to 20 questions.
• They were familiar to the pollsters but the
  questionnaire itself was anonymous.
• Questions have been grouped according to six
  crucial fields
• Goal of the research is to confirm starting
  assumptions and define factors within individual
  crucial area that will imply more significant
  influence of ICT.

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Objective disadvantages of the questionnaire

• Relatively small group of examinees
• Professional heterogeneity of group
• Assumption of developed ICT infrastructure
• Questions and answers can be inadequately
  elaborated considering heterogeneity of group

13
Subjective disadvantages of the questionnaire

• Pollsterser familiar with the work environment
  and personally know the larger part of the
  examinees
• Data on environment and examinees are historical
  so the final judgement can seem subjective
• Pollsters expected results that would imply
  participants readiness to anticipate the
  assignements and to define a style

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Advantages of the investigation

• Examinees are heterogeneous considering the age
  group
• Pollsters knew the majority of examinees as well
  as the level of their information science
  education in fulfilling work assignments
• Good infrastructural ICT backup and safety
  network
• Certain experience in usage of ICT and certain
  information science education

15
Results of questionnaire I

1. thin majority (45) uses PC occasionally in
   fulfilling work assignments 
2. more than half of examinees (52) believe that PC
   partially strengthens their motivation in
   performing business assignments 
3. the majority of examinees (63) believe that PC
   does not influence their commitment in performing
   business assignments  
4. relative majority (41) considers that PC helps
   them improve the way of performing business
   activities 
5. PC has no influence over disciplinary rules
   (arrivals, interruptions, departures) when
   performing business assignments (84)
6.  PC does not strengthen impression of
   responsibility (78) (deadlines for finishing
   working assignments) 
7. relative majority (49) believes PC has no
   influence over the concept of working assignments
   (the question about preferred mode of making a
   business does not have an adequate answer and
   will be commented later).

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Results of questionnaire II

1. relative majority (44) believes PC makes them
   more independent in performing business
   assignments
2. the majority of examinees (45) uses the Internet
   for finding new information about their own
   profession
3. the majority (89) believes the usage of PC
   requires special spatial and time conditions 
4. the majority of examinees (57) does not mind
   relatively quiet music when performing their
   work 
5. the majority of examinees (43 and 46) claims
   that PC influences their mobility and dependence
   upon location and time of performing work
   assignments
6. the majority (41) cannot define whether there
   are some other conditions of physical type
   neither if there is a need for specific type of
   sense (53) or kinetic requirements
7. the majority has a holistic approach (79), but
   depending on the type of work they are willing to
   apply analytical approach (63) while when making
   decisions most of them (82) use combined
   approach.

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Conclusion

• Nature of work specifies the way of performing
  business activities.
• An individual assigns to the mode of performing a
  business certain attributes that give it a
  specific shape style.
• The style depends upon the complexity of work
  since opportunities for expressing a personality
  grow together with its complexity.
• Development of technique and technology enables
  liberation of automation of businesses activity.
• Technique and technology create new possibilities
  and demand a definition of new profession.
• The circumstancies ask for adjustments of
  educational system - Lifelong Education.
• This research has been oriented toward individual
  and defining his/her style by neglecting the
  influence of a group
• The future research in defining a working style
  and the influence of ICT can be conducted in that
  direction.

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Just a minute..

• Two
• different
• style of
• concentration

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The end

• Thank you for your attention!

Ivan Pogarcic pogarcic_at_veleri.hr Tatjana
Šepic tatjanas_at_veleri.hr Sanja
Raspor sraspor_at_veleri.hr The Polytechnic of
Rijeka, Business Department 58 Vukovarska, 51000
Rijeka, Croatia www.veleri.hr 385 51 35 37 77