Sociology:

1
Sociology

• The Study of Society

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What Sociology Is

• The study of society
• Systematic study of social behavior in human
  groups that look for patterns
• Focus on the influence of social relationships on
  peoples behavior and attitudes
• Focus on group
• behavior

3
What Do Sociologists Do?

• Teach at the high school or college level
• Advise work for businesses, nonprofits and
  governments as directors of research, policy
  analysts, consultants, human resource managers
• Research advanced degrees urban planning,
  criminology
• Counsel therapists

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Sociology ...How We Met

• The biggest factor that lead to the
  development of sociology was the.
• INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• Beginning in England, new machines and factory
  organizations transformed the lives of ordinary
  people.

5
Key Figures

• Auguste Comte
• French Philosopher
• Influenced by the scientific methods of the
  natural sciences
• Believed sociologists should be concerned with
  TWO basic problems

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And those two major problems are

• Problem one ORDER
• What forces (such as kings or economic
  prosperity) bring order to a society?

• Problem twoCHANGE
• What forces (such as new ideas) bring change?
• He believed the social world could be studied
  with the same scientific accuracy as the natural
  world.

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Herbert Spencer

• Influenced by Industrial Revolution
• Found answers in the work of Charles Darwin, who
  developed the theory of natural selection
• Believed in the concept of survival of the
  fittest
• Theory of Social Darwinism
• Sociocultural advance is the product of
  intergroup conflict and competition and the
  socially elite classes

8
Karl Marx

• German who reacted to the social conditions
  created by the Industrial Revolution
• Believed that the organization of the economy is
  basic to society and from where all other beliefs
  grow
• Society was divided into two groups those who
  control the economy and those who do not.

9
Emile Durkheim

• What forces keep a society together? He
  answered this question in terms of FUNCTION.
• When an element of society fulfills a true
  function, or purpose, it must be important in
  keeping things orderly.

10
Max Weber

• Interested in the interactions of society and the
  individual
• Examined the role of individual beliefs and
  feelings and how each played in society
• Developed the concept of the Ideal type, a
  model that can be used to measure reality.
• Example the ideal marriage

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Theories of Sociology

• Are built on evidence that is gathered
• From that evidence a clear conclusion can be
  made.
• Example, this is why people steal, or this is
  why women make less than men.

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For Example

• Can you tell what type of people we are talking
  about from the clues given?
• Person 1.
• Is able to sit on leather while traveling from
  place to place
• Separates himself from others at sporting events
• Monday through Friday is seen wearing a silk
  object
• Enjoys hitting a small white object with a staff
• His life partner goes by the name Muffy

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For Example

• Person 2
• Can be seen drinking out of an aluminum object
• Might be nocturnal
• Has been known to pray to a porcelain deity
• Food of choice is microwave noodles

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For Example

• Person 3
• Able to produce their own domicile
• Extremely resourceful when it comes to making
  money
• Often found in areas of high population

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• Person 1

• Person 2

Person 3