Motives for European Imperialism

1
Motives for European Imperialism

• Mid-19th Century

2
What is Imperialism?

• Control by a powerful nation over a weaker or
  underdeveloped area

3
Motives for Imperialism

• Cheap raw materials
• Markets reserved for manufactured goods
• Large profits with little risk
• Other Reasons
• Glory for mother country (Nationalism)
• Military Bases
• Outlet for surplus population
• Missionaries
• Spread superior culture of the west a duty
  form God White Mans Burden

Christianity and Civilization
4
Types of Imperialism Control

• Concession
• Small country grants some economic interest
• Spheres of Influence
• Exclusive economic privileges
• Protectorate
• Colony still has own government, but mother
  country running it behind the scenes
• Colony
• Formally taken over and governed

5
Africa

• Interest Grows in Africa
• Stanley and Livingstone
• 1871- Reporters who raised European and American
  interest in Africa
• Reports of abundant resources
• Scramble for Africa (1880 1914)
• European nations rush to take as much of Africa
  as possible
• Benefits
• Industries
• Jobs
• Public Works
• Schools
• Problems
• Europeans took fertile land
• Long hours/ Low wages
• Wealth benefited foreigners

6
India

• Reasons for India was easily dominated
• Military inferiority
• Many Languages
• Religious divisions between Muslims and Hindus
• Caste System
• Political disunity 600 States, each with own
  Rajah (prince)

7
British in India

• Controlled India through British East India
  Company through mid 19th century
• Sepoy Rebellion 1857
• Native Indian British Officers revolted
• Revolution is put down
• India turned into a colony
• British
• Little respect for Indian society
• Made off manufacturing
• Public works, schools, hospitals, Railroads, etc
• 1919 Limited Self-government
• 1947 Independence

Sepoys Indian British Officers
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9
Imperialism in China

• Interest before Imperialism
• Huge Population huge market cheap labor
• Resources
• Tea silk
• Government lacked military power
• By 1890s European nations and Japan had large
  Spheres of Influence in China

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More China

• Boxer Rebellion (1900)
• Boxers (Chinese Nationalists) tried to throw out
  foreign rule
• International military force put down rebellion
• China forced to pay damages
• Nationalists (1911-1912)
• Founded by Sun Yat-Sen
• Wanted to throw out foreign control and establish
  a Democracy