The War of 1812

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The War of 1812
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America's Second War for Independence?
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Causes of the War?
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The Barbary Pirates

• Mini-war with U.S.
• Demands of tribute
• Jeffersons reaction bill authorizing any
  action necessary
• Stephen Decatur and the burning of the USS
  Philadelphia
• Most daring act of the age Brit. Admiral
• Eventually secure U.S. trading here

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1. Napoleonic Wars

• 1806/1807 ? Berlin Decrees, Milan
  DecreesContinental System - barring British
  and neutral ships from trading with European
  countries controlled by France
• 1806 ? Britain issued the Orders in
  Council. - any goods being shipped to Europe
  first stop at British ports or be in British
  vessels
• 1808-1811 ? Britain impressed over
  6,000 American
  sailors.

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The Press
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2. Chesapeake-Leopard Affair

• June 21, 1807.
• Br. Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake.
• 3 dead, 18 wounded.
• Br. Foreign Office said it was a mistake.
• Jeffersons Response
• Forbade Br. ships to dock in American ports.
• Ordered state governors to call up as much as
  100,000 militiamen.

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British Valour and Yankee Boasting
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3. The Embargo Act (1807)The OGRABME Turtle
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Presidential Election of 1808
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James Madison Becomes President
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Dolly Madison The Presidents Greatest Asset
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4. The Non-Intercourse Act (1809)

• Replaced the Embargo Act.
• Remained U. S. policy until 1812.
• Unexpected Consequences
• N. Eng. was forced to become self-sufficient
  again old factories reopened.
• Laid the groundwork for US industrial power.
• Jefferson, a critic of an industrial America,
  ironically contributed to Hamiltons view of the
  US!!!

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Macons Bill No. 2

• Replaced Non-Intercourse Act after it expired
• Reopened trade with Great Britain and France but
• allowed President to prohibit trade with either
  if one should continue violating neutral shipping
  after the other nation had stopped
• France stopped first embargo went into affect
  against Britain

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How did the Brits take this?
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5. Br. Instigation of Indians
British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh
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(No Transcript)
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Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa

• Tenskatawa The Prophet, preached against
  corruption, sin of the white world
• Wanted to unite and mobilize N.A. tribes in a
  religious revival
• Tecumseh, the prophets brother, was the leader,
  warrior of the movement
• Went from tribe to tribe trying to organize a
  defense confederation

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Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811

• General William HenryHarrison ? governor ofthe
  Indiana Territory.
• Invited Native Indianchiefs to Ft. Wayne, INto
  sign away 3 mil. acres of land to the US
  government.
• Tecumseh organized a confederacy of Indian tribes
  to fight for their homelands.
• Tecumsehs brother fought against Harrison and
  was defeated at Tippecanoe.
• This made Harrison a national hero!1840
  election ? Tippecanoe Tyler, too!

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Florida and War Fever

• Territory included present state of Florida,
  southern areas of AL, MISS, LA
• Reasons Americans wanted Florida
• Escape slaves
• Frequent Indian attacks
• Valuable rivers/ports of trade
• 1810 Settlers in W. Florida seize Ft Baton
  Rouge and ask fed. Govt to annex territory, to
  which Madison agrees
• War Fever hits the South!!!

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War Hawks
John C. Calhoun SC
Henry Clay KY
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Presidential Election of 1812
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Mr. Madisons War!
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Peace and Plenty
Liberty
Federalism
Democracy
Republicanism
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American Problems

• The US was unprepared militarily
• Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britains800 ships.
• Americans disliked a draft ? preferred to enlist
  in the disorganized state militias.
• Financially unprepared
• Flood of paper .
• Revenue from import tariffs declined.
• Regional disagreements.

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Overviewof theWarof1812
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3 U. S. Invasions of 1812
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Campaigns of 1813
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Overviewof theWarin 1814
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Burning of Washington D.C.

• Napoleon surrendered in 1814 in Paris and is
  exiled to Elba
• Great Britain prepares for their invasion on U.S.
  soil

Washington D.C. August 24, 1814
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Battle of Fort McHenry,1814
Oh Say Can You SeeBy the Dawns Early Light
-- Francis Scott Key
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Answer this in your left hand Activity Book

• What role did Francis Scott Key play in the
  defense of Baltimore?
• Knowing the words to the National Anthem (As you
  all should know) how do they capture the history
  of the battle?
• Why do you think this was chosen as our national
  anthem?

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Gave proof through the night,That our flag was
still there..
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Hartford ConventionDecember, 1814 January, 1815
New England Considers Secession!
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Treaty of GhentDecember 24, 1814
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Pop Quiz

• What made the Battle of New Orleans the decisive
  battle of the War of 1812?

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The Battle of New Orleans, 1815
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(No Transcript)
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Impact of War of 1812- Short and Long Term

• Territorial Growth- S and W
• Industrial Growth
• Andrew Jackson- National Hero
• Sense of Patriotism (Era of Good Feelings
  1818-1840)
• End of Indians East of Mississippi
• Psychological Confidence that we can exist as a
  country

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Jacksons Florida Campaigns