Toward Independence

1
Toward Independence

• Chapter 5

2
Section 2 Before 1763

• Population went from 50, 000 to more than a
  million in a century.
• People came because there was more freedom.

3
Conflict in the Ohio Valley

• France built a fort in the valley called Fort
  Duquesne in what is now Pittsburgh
• English (Virginia) fought them for the land
• Militia small army made of ordinary citizens
  available to fight
• Led by George Washington

4
French and Indian War

• British went to drive France our of the Ohio
  Valley for good
• French had Indian Allies
• War lasted 7 years
• British won and was given Canada

5
Section 3 Proclamation of 1763

• King George III said draw a line through the
  Appalachian Mnts, settlers on the east and
  Indians on the west.
• Tyranny unjust use of government power.
• Problems
• No room to settle
• People on both sides of the line already

6
The Stamp Act

• British had large debt from war
• Required to buy a stamp for every piece of paper
  used
• Parliament had no right to tax them because no
  representatives
• No taxation without representation!
• Act was repealed or cancelled

7
Questions

• What was the population increase in the first
  century?
• Who fought in the French and Indian War?
• Where was the French and Indian War fought?
• When King George III split the Appalachian Mnts
  in half to divide the land what was this called?
• What were the 2 problems with the plan?
• What was the Stamp Act?

8
The Townshend Act

• Taxes on goods from England
• Act was cancelled
• Samuel Adams led protest against Act
• Citizens very upset boycotted ALL goods from
  Britain
• Government got rid of taxes on everything except
  tea
• Citizens still not satisfied

9
Boston Massacre

• Small riot broke out, guns were fired, and
  citizens were killed
• Mob formed and caused another man to die
• John Adams (2nd President) put an end to fighting
  claimed the troops acted in self-defense

10
Boston Tea Party

• Tea Act lowered the price of tea, but was still
  being taxed and people still upset
• Citizens who protested dressed like Native
  Americans and threw tea overboard the delivery
  ships
• Over 90, 000 pounds dumped in the sea

11
Questions

• What was the Townshend Act?
• Who was involved in the Boston Massacre?
• How did the colonists protest the tax on tea?
• What was this protest called?

12
Intolerable Acts

• Closed harbor until all the tea was paid off
• Massachusetts was firmly under British control
• More soldiers were sent to control the city

13

• Acts did not work
• Colonists united and protested Britain even more
• Colonists began to split their loyalty, half
  loyal and half not

14
First Continental Congress

• Citizens from 12 colonies came together and wrote
  a letter of protest to King George
• Militias formed called minutemen to enforce
  boycott
• Intolerable Acts brought both sides to brink of
  war

15
Lexington and Concord

• King George did not even respond, but instead was
  ready to fight
• British soldiers came to fight at Lexington and
  won
• Paul Revere The British are coming
• British moved to Concord to fight and lost
• Citizens hid the guns and moved the gunpowder
• Proved Americans were willing to fight and die
  for their rights

16
Questions

• What were the 3 Intolerable Acts?
• Who were the group of men that wrote a letter to
  the King protesting the Intolerable Acts?
• What did King George do in reply to the letter?
• What did Americans prove in the end?