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Globalization

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Title: Globalization


1
GLOBALIZATION
2
What is Globalization?????
3
Globalization is.
  • Goods and services exchanged through trade across
    national boundaries, creating a global market.

4
Mercantilism
  • Closed Door policy where countries used
    colonies as sources for natural resources
  • Only the mother country could trade with the
    colonies
  • Strict governmental regulation aimed at creating
    foreign trading monopolies
  • The opposite of globalization
  • Ended following WWII

5
COLONIES
Great Britain France Spain Portugal Germany Japa
n Denmark Norway USA Italy
1920
6
Historical Global Trade Patterns
  • Silk Road Trade Route -Ancient trade route
    connecting China to the Mediterranean World.
    This sparked European interests in finding sea
    routes to China
  • Columbian Exchange trade of plants, animals,
    and people between the old world and the new

7
The Silk Road
8
Negatively, they introduced diseases and
pandemics that killed most of the native
population
9
Lets Trade
  • Countries have typically wanted to trade with
    China because of its abundance of natural
    resources and its enormous labor force
    (population). Labor is very cheap in China
  • Singapore and Panama are geographically situated
    in perfect areas for trade

10
Singapore connects Pacific and Indian Oceans
Panama Connects Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
So its easier to get to China!
11
Panama
Singapore
12
Uneven Distribution of Natural Resources in the
World
13
Uneven Distribution of Money in the World
14
Uneven Distribution of Workers in the World
15
Regional Specialization in Trade
  • Country A makes cell phones better
  • Because they have more capital ()
  • Country B makes jeans better
  • Because they have more labor (workers)
  • Specialize
  • and trade

16
FREE TRADE
  • An open door to tradeall nations are free to
    trade with each other
  • A policy that allows businesses to trade across
    national boundaries without interference from the
    respective governments
  • Free trade because the governments do not levy
    tariffs (taxes) or subsidies (to bring in) on
    imported goods

17
Commercial Expansion
  • The expansion of commercial industry looking for
    new markets
  • Example-there is no room for any more starbucks
    in America so in order for the company to grow
    they must open stores in Europe
  • a major driving force for globalization

18
Integration of Economies
  • The increasing reliance of economies on each
    other
  • The opportunities to be able to buy and sell in
    any country in the world
  • The opportunities for labor and capital to locate
    anywhere in the world
  • The growth of global markets in finance

19
FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS
  • NAFTA- North American Free Trade Agreement
  • ASEAN- Association of South East Asian Nations
  • EU-European Union

20
Free Trade Organizations
21
NAFTA
  • On January 1, 1994, the North American Free Trade
    Agreement between the United States, Canada, and
    Mexico (NAFTA) entered into force.
  • Created the worlds largest free trade area
  • Mexico and Canada are now the top buyers of
    American products
  • Canada and Mexico are the 2nd and 3rd largest
    suppliers to the United States

22
ASEAN
  • Formed on 8 August 1967
  • Includes Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines,
    Singapore and Thailand Brunei, Burma (Myanmar),
    Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam
  • The motivations for the birth of ASEAN were so
    that its members governing elite could
    concentrate on nation building
  • formed to prevent Indonesia from becoming a
    hegemony

23
EUROPEAN UNION
  • The EU was created in the aftermath of the second
    world war. The first steps were to foster
    economic cooperation
  • countries that trade with one another are
    economically interdependent and will thus avoid
    conflict

24
  • the union has developed into a huge single market
    with the euro as its common currency.
  • The E.U. has delivered over 50 years of peace,
    stability, and prosperity, helped raise living
    standards, and is building a single Europe-wide
    market in which people, goods, services, and
    capital move among Member States as freely as
    within one country.

25
The European Union
26
World Trade Flows
NAFTA
EU
ASEAN
27
Cause and Effect
  • Uneven distribution of resources
  • Natural resources, capital and labor
  • Leads to regional specialization
  • Increased regional trade
  • Increased regional trade causes more world trade
  • Globalization

28
Once trade is free we have
OUTSOURCING!
  • Contracting jobs abroad to save money
  • Using foreign labor for jobs that were once done
    domestically (AT HOME)
  • Example- call centers in India, Adidas made in
    China not Germany

29
Globalization in World Trade
30
Globalization in World Trade
31
Globalization in World Trade
32
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33
Cause and Effect
  • Better transportation technology causes
  • Faster cheaper ways to ship goods around the
    world
  • Therefore more trade
  • And therefore more , or more , or more
    , or more

34
Is Globalization a good thing
  • Benefits of Trade
  • Increased choice
  • Greater potential for growth
  • Increase international economies of scale
  • Greater employment opportunities
  • More in economy

35
or a bad thing
  • Disadvantages of trade
  • Increase in gap between the rich and the poor
  • Dominance of global trade by the rich, northern
    hemisphere countries
  • Lack of opportunities for the poor to be able to
    have access to markets
  • Exploitation of workers and growers

36
Cultural Problems with Globalization
  • Stronger cultures sometimes overwhelm weaker
    local cultures
  • Cultural Imperialism

37
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38
How other cultures see American culture
39
What is Globalization?????
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