Indigenous People in Taiwan

1
Indigenous People in Taiwan

• In Comparison with California Indians
• By Tim Hsueh

2
Where is Taiwan?
3
How many Tribes are in Taiwan?

• There are 12 Mountain Oceanic Tribes Saisiat,
  Bunun, Tsou, Rukai, Paiwan, Atayal, Taroko,
  Kuvalan, Amis, Thao, Puyuma and Yami.

4
Vanished Plain Tribes

• There are 9 Plain Tribes in Taiwan Kavalan,
  Luilang, Ketagalan, Taokas, Pazeh, Papora,
  Babuza, Hoanya, Siraya.

5
Historical Periods of Taiwan

• 3000 B.C. Mountain Tribes Saisiat and Atayal
  settled in Taiwan. (Moved from China or Southern
  Asia)
• 2500 -- 500 B.C. Plain Tribes moved to Taiwan
  from Southern Asia.
• 1604 -- 1661 A.D. Dutch Spanish period.
• 1683 1895 A.D. Chinese Qing dynasty period.
• 1895 1945 A.D. Japanese period.
• 1945 A.D. Present Modern Chinese period.

6
Indigenous people in Dutch Period

• Dutch settled in Southern Taiwan and they
  constructed roads and cities. Also, they
  eliminated several strong war-like tribes.
• Used the Jesuits and tribe elders to control the
  peaceful tribes.
• Constructed several schools and churches. All the
  teachers were Jesuits. They converted the
  indigenous people to become Christian and they
  taught the indigenous people to use the alphabet
  to spell their languages.
• Used the indigenous people as soldiers and
  workers.

7
Indigenous people in Qing period

• Reserved land for indigenous people.
• Did not allow any relationship between indigenous
  people and Chinese people or Manchu people.
  (Marriage, Peace treaty.)
• Divided indigenous tribes into two groups Tamed
  and Untamed.
• Called indigenous people Fang Meaning
  uneducated, undeveloped and uncivilized.
• Indigenous people defended Taiwan from Japanese
  Invasion.

8
Indigenous people in Japanese period

• Used strong military force to control indigenous
  tribes.
• Started wars between tribes in order to eliminate
  each tribes.
• Took over the mountain areas from indigenous
  tribes and the resources.
• Forced indigenous people to become slaves
• Local Policeman robbed from indigenous people and
  raped the girls.

9
Continue

• Used political marriage to suppress the
  resistance.
• Took away all the Iron tools and Hunting rifles.
• Massively murdered the people who did not want to
  follow the orders.

10
Wo Sho Event

• Cause Local policeman beat the leader of the
  Atayal tribe.
• Atayal tribe Successfully took over 13 police
  stations near Wo Sho.
• Japanese called in troops from all over Taiwan.
• Japanese used machine guns, cannons and
  airplanes.
• Japanese also used flyers and gas bombs.
• In the end, Atayal tribe surrendered.

11
Indigenous people in Modern Chinese period

• Nationalist party forced everyone to speak
  Mandarin. Children will be punished if they speak
  any languages other than Mandarin in school.
• Ethnocide occurred.
• Used the same reserved land from Qing and
  Japanese period. Many indigenous people became
  farmers because the government needed agriculture
  to boost economic.
• Unlike Qing dynasty, Nationalist party wanted to
  create more relationships between Indigenous
  people and Chinese people.

12
Red Leaf Baseball Team(1965-1968)

• Made mainly by Bunun people in Red Leaf
  elementary school.
• Used stones and wooden bats.
• Defeated Japanese world champion team.
• Part of the reason why Taiwan has strong baseball
  team today.
• Also many professional baseball players in Taiwan
  are also indigenous people today.

13
Education Data of Indigenous people in 2001
14
Income Data of Indigenous people in 2001
15
Problems and Privileges of Taiwanese Indigenous
people today

• Problems
• Culture vanishing
• Education/Work
• Racism
• Identification

• Privileges
• Better chance to get into High school and
  University.
• Aids from government.
• Rights on reserved lands.