Industrialization

1
Industrialization

• America 1865 1905

2
The Second Industrial Revolution

• Cause The abundance of STEEL

3
Bessemer Steel Process

• Henry Bessemer (Great Britain)
• Steel could be produced very quickly
• Iron ore is used for steel production

4
Steel Producing Centersin U.S.

• Gary, Indiana
• Cleveland, Ohio
• Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
• Iron Ore was mined in Mid west
• Coal West Virginia and Pennsylvania-needed for
  fuel

5
Impact of Steel Production

• RRs began using steel instead of iron for its
  rails because they were longer lasting and
  stronger
• Steel became a major component in bridge building
  and building construction.
• Many storied buildings were now possible since
  steel could make the skeletal structure
• Wire and nails were now made of steel

6
Oil

• Became a major component in industrial
  development
• Kerosene for light
• Refineries began making waxes and lubricating oils

7
Elijah Mc Coy

• Invented the lubricating cup which enabled
  machinery to run more efficiently and smoothly

8
The Oil and Steel Industries
9
Railroads

• With the advent of cheap steel, railroad
  companies were able to lay thousands of miles of
  new and improved track
• Transcontinental railroad was complete by 1869
  (East and West of US connected)
• George Westinghouse compressed air brake rail
  safety
• Provided jobs and stimulated growth of other
  industries

10
Horseless Carriage

• 1876 first internal combustion engine was develop
• 1893 first motor car
• 1900 wealthy Americans owned cars and the
  automobile became a commercial industry

11
Airplanes

• The development of the internal combustion engine
  enabled the Wright brothers to construct a
  working airplane
• Numerous patents and inventions related to flight
  were designed by engineers

12
Communications
13
Telegraph

• Telegraph is a means oc communication over wires
  with electricity
• Inventor Samuel Morse
• 1866 Western Union had over 2,000 offices

14
Telephone

• Alexander Graham Bell invented the talking
  telegraph
• Late 1880s - over 1 million telephones
• ATT became one of the major and longest lasting
  monopolies in the United States

15
Typewriter

• Invented by Charles Sholes 1867
• Revolutionized communications by allowing legible
  documents to be easily produced
• Business developed" typing pools, clerical
  workers whose job it was to type
• Gave working class women a skilled profession

16
Thomas Edison

• Pioneer in communications technology
• Electronic vote recorder
• Telegraphic stock ticker
• Phonograph
• Motion picture cameras
• Light bulb
• First electric power plant in NYC

17

• The end