Induced Immunity

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Induced Immunity

• Active and Passive Immunity

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Active Immunity

• Develops naturally (sometimes) after a person is
  infected with a pathogen.
• The body builds active immunity and is induced
  when you are well, so you wont get the infection
  or it wont be contagious.

3
Immunization

• Use of vaccines-
• -substances that contain an antigen to which
  immune systems respond.

4

• Once a Vaccine is given, a primary response
  occurs. No antibodies are present, then the titer
  slowly rises, which is the amount of antibodies
  present in a sample of plasma.
• 2nd vaccine- The Booster raises the titer level
• The high antibody titer is able to help prevent
  disease symptoms.
• Active immunity depends on the presence of B and
  T cells.

5
Passive Immunity

• Occurs when an individual is given prepared
  antibodies to fight a disease.
• Antibodies are not produced by the individuals B
  cells, P.A. is short lived
• Ex New born infants are passively immune to
  some diseases because antibodies have crossed
  the placenta from the mothers blood. The
  antibodies disappear, and within a few months
  they are susceptible to infections.

6

• Breast feeding prolongs natural passive immunity
  an infant receives from mom, because antibodies
  are present in the moms milk.

7

• Artificial P.A is used in emergency treatment for
  rabies, measles, tetanus.. Etc.
• Antibodies can be taken from people that have
  recovered from the disease.

8

• Monoclonal antibodies- Every plasma cell derived
  from the same B cell secretes antibodies against
  a specific antigen.
• Interleukins- Cytokines produced by various white
  blood cells have been used as immunotherapeutic
  drugs to enhance individuals T cells.