Injuries to the Hip and Pelvis

1
Chapter 14

• Injuries to the Hip and Pelvis

2
Anatomy Review

• Primary hip structures
• Innominate bones

3
Anatomy Review (cont.)

• Functions of the pelvis include
• Attachment of lower extremities.
• Muscle attachments.
• Joints (other than hip)

4
Nervous System

• Major Nerves
• Femoral
• Sciatic
• Saphenous
• Tibial
• Plantar nerves (not shown)

5
Circulatory System

• Major Blood Vessels
• External iliac
• Deep profunda femoral (not shown)
• Popliteal
• Anterior tibial
• Dorsalis pedis

6
Musculature

• Posterior Muscles
• Gluteals
• Deep external rotators
• Hamstrings

7
Musculature (cont.)

• Anterior Muscles

8
Musculature (cont.)

• Anterior Muscles (continued)

9
Common Sports Injuries Skeletal Injuries

• Fractures of the Pelvis
• Pelvic fractures are devastating injuries.
• Pelvic fractures are not common in sports,
  because it typically takes a great deal of force
  to fracture the pelvis.
• Pelvic fractures in the adolescent can be
  serious.

10
Fractures of the Pelvis (cont.)

• Signs and symptoms include
• Abnormal pain in pelvic region.
• Pain elicited when iliac crests are pressed
  together.

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Fractures of the Pelvis (cont.)

• First Aid
• Treat for shock and internal bleeding.
• Arrange for transportation to a medical facility
  on a spine board, elevated at the feet.
• An athlete with _________________________ should
  not be allowed to return to participation before
  obtaining a physicians approval.

12
Adolescent Pelvic Fractures

• Femoral Neck Stress Fracture
• Commonly occurs in amenorrheic athletes involved
  in endurance sports.
• Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
• Commonly occurs in prepubescent boys,
  particularly tall boys who experienced recent
  growth spurts, overweight boys, and late-maturing
  boys.

13
Hip Pointer

• Hip Pointer is a common injury, involving a
  contusion to the anterior/superior portion of the
  iliac crest.
• Signs and symptoms include swelling, pain, and
  discoloration at injury site.

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Hip Pointer (cont.)

• First Aid
• Apply ice immediately.
• In severe cases, crutches may be necessary.

15
Hip Pointer (cont.)

Courtesy of Brent Mangus
16
Osteitis Pubis

• This injury results from constant stress and
  possibly some degeneration in the pubic symphysis
  joint.
• Male athletes may have testicular or scrotal
  pain, along with discomfort in the anterior
  pubic, suprapubic, or hip areas.

17
Osteitis Pubis (cont.)

• First Aid
• Refer to a physician.
• It may take 3 months to a year to recover.

18
Hip Dislocation

• Dislocated Hip
• Injury can occur from a violent collision such as
  seen in tackle football or ice hockey.

19
Hip Dislocation (cont.)

• Signs and symptoms include
• First Aid
• Treat for shock.
• Immobilize the athlete and contact EMS.

20
Avulsion Factures of the Hip

• In an avulsion fracture, a bone fragment is torn
  away with tendon attached.
• Injury likely to occur while sprinting or
  jumping.

21
Avulsion Fractures of the Hip (cont.)

• Signs and symptoms include

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Avulsion Fractures of the Hip (cont.)

• First Aid
• Immediately apply ice.
• Limit athletes movements. Crutches may be
  necessary for walking.

23
Injuries to Male Genitalia

• These injuries are usually transient in nature.
• Wearing a protective cup is advised in
  collision/contact sports.

24
Testicular or Scrotal Contusions

• Signs and symptoms include
• First Aid
• Apply ice, and allow athlete to rest lying down.
• Testicular torsion can occur and results in
  considerable discomfort. Transport to medical
  care facility.

25
Hernias

• A hernia is a protrusion of viscera through
  abdominal wall.
• Femoral hernia is more common in females.
• In a sports hernia, the posterior inguinal wall
  is weakened without protrusion of abdominal
  contents. No palpable hernia is detected, but
  athlete complains of pain in groin and lower
  abdominal areas.

26
Nerve Problems

• A common complaint is burning or tingling
  sensation radiating from the hip to buttocks area
  and going down the leg.
• Continuing to participate in the activity
  aggravates the irritation.
• Rest, stretching, and strengthening exercises may
  be helpful.

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Prevention

• Rest is also important for the body to repair
  micro damages incurred by the stresses of
  training.