THE SKIN OR INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

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THE SKIN OR INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
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Remember the outer portion of the skin is an
example of what type of tissue?
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Epithelia Tissue
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FUNCTIONS OF THE SKIN

• PROTECTION
• THERMOREGULATION
• CUTANEOUS SENSATION
• PRODUCTION OF VITAMIN D
• BLOOD RESERVOIR
• EXCRETION

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LAYERS OF THE SKIN

• EPIDERMIS
• DERMIS
• HYPODERMIS

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EPIDERMIS

• THICK
• KERATINIZED
• STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
• 4-5 SUBLAYERS

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LAYERS OF THE EPIDERMIS

• STRATUM BASALE
• STRATUM SPINOSUM
• STRATUM GRANULOSUM
• STRATUM LUCIDUM
• STRATUM CORNEUM

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STRATUM BASALE

• THE DEEPEST EPIDERMAL LAYER
• A SINGLE ROW OF LIVING CELLS
• RAPID CELL DIVISION
• 10-25 OF THESE CELLS ARE MELANOCYTES

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STRATUM BASALE
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STRATUM SPINOSUM

• SEVERAL LAYERS OF LIVING CELLS
• CELL DIVISION IS SLOWER THAN BASALE

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STRATUM SPINOSUM
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STRATUM GRANULOSUM

• THIN, LIVING LAYER OF CELLS
• KERATINOCYTES WATERPROOF IN THIS LAYER

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STRATUM GRANULOSUM
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STRATUM LUCIDUM

• DEAD CELLS
• LOCATED ONLY IN THICK SKIN (PALMS OF HANDS
  SOLES OF FEET)

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STRATUM LUCIDUM
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STRATUM CORNEUM

• DEAD CELLS
• SERVES TO PROTECT

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STRATUM CORNEUM
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THE DERMIS

• HAIR FOLLICLES, OIL SWEAT GLANDS ARE FOUND HERE

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EPIDERMIS
DERMIS
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HAIR ITS FUNCTIONS

• WARMTH IT PREVENTS HEAT LOSS
• DETECT INSECTS ON THE SKIN
• PROTECTION
• FILTER PARTICLES

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FACTS ABOUT HAIR

• ABOUT 100,000 IN THE SCALP
• ABOUT 30, 000 IN A MANS BEARD
• RATE OF HAIR GROWTH AVERAGES 2 mm/WEEK
• HAIR LOSS AVERAGES 90 HAIRS/DAY

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HAIR LOSS

• ALOPECIA HAIR THINNING AND BALDNESS
• CAUSES OF HAIR LOSS
• HIGH FEVER
• SURGERY
• SEVERE EMOTIONAL TRAUMA
• CERTAIN DRUGS
• EXCESSIVE VITAMIN A
• CHEMOTHERAPY DRUGS
• RADIATION
• GENETICS

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• MOST IMPORTANT
• POOR NUTRITION (ESPECIALLY LACK OF ENOUGH
  PROTEIN)
• HORMONAL IMBALANCES