MYSQL DATABASE

1
MYSQL DATABASE

• MySQL Database System
• Installation Overview
• SQL summary

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2-Tier Architecture
WebServer
WebBrowser(Client)
PHP
3
3-Tier Architecture
WebBrowser(Client)
WebServer
DatabaseServer
PHP
4
Command Line Client

• The standard command line client is
• c\mysql\bin\mysql.exe
• The command line client can be used to send
  commands and SQL queries to the MySQL server
• There are also GUI clients
• Windows GUI client HeidiSQL
• WEB GUI client phpmyadmin

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Client-Server Interaction
Make a request(SQL query)
MySQLServer
ClientProgram
Get results
Client program can be a MySQL command line
client,GUI client, or a program written in any
language suchas C, Perl, PHP, Java that has an
interface to theMySQL server.
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Connecting to the Server

• Use a command prompt that sets the path to
  c\mysql\bin
• The following command connects to the server
• mysql -u root -p
• you are prompted for the root password.
• you can now send comands and SQL statements to
  the server

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Entering commands (1)

• Show all the databases
• SHOW DATABASES

mysqlgt SHOW DATABASES------------- Database
------------- bookstore
employee_db mysql student_db
test web_db -------------
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Entering commands (2)

• Choosing a database and showing its tables
• USE testSHOW tables

mysqlgt USE testDatabase changedmysqlgt SHOW
tables---------------- Tables_in_test
---------------- books name2
names test
----------------4 rows in set (0.00
sec)mysqlgt
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Entering commands (3)

• Show the structure of a table
• DESCRIBE names

mysqlgt DESCRIBE names------------------------
------------------------------------ Field
Type Null Key Default Extra
------------------------------------
------------------------ id int(11)
PRI NULL auto_increment
firstName varchar(20)
lastName varchar(20)

-------------------------------------------
-----------------3 rows in set (0.00
sec)mysqlgt
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Entering commands (4)

• Show the rows of a table (all columns)
• SELECT FROM names

mysqlgt SELECT FROM names-------------------
-------- id firstName lastName
--------------------------- 1 Fred
Flintstone 2 Barney Rubble
---------------------------2 rows in set
(0.00 sec)mysqlgt
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Entering commands (5)

• Inserting a new record
• INSERT INTO names (firstName,lastName) VALUES
  ('Rock','Quarry')
• SELECT FROM names

mysqlgt INSERT INTO names (firstName, lastName)
VALUES ('Ralph', 'Quarry')Query OK, 1 row
affected (0.02 sec)mysqlgt SELECT FROM
names--------------------------- id
firstName lastName ----------------------
----- 1 Fred Flintstone 2
Barney Rubble 3 Ralph
Quarry ---------------------------3
rows in set (0.00 sec)mysqlgt
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Entering commands (6)

• Updating a record
• UPDATE names SET lastName 'Stone'WHERE id3
• SELECT FROM names

mysqlgt UPDATE names SET lastName 'Stone' WHERE
id3Query OK, 1 row affected (0.28 sec)Rows
matched 1 Changed 1 Warnings 0mysqlgt SELECT
FROM names---------------------------
id firstName lastName -----------------
---------- 1 Fred Flintstone 2
Barney Rubble 3 Ralph
Stone ---------------------------3
rows in set (0.00 sec)mysqlgt
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SQL commands SHOW, USE

• SHOW
• Display databases or tables in current database
• Example (command line client)
• show databases
• show tables
• USE
• Specify which database to use
• Example
• use bookstore

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The CREATE Command

• Specifying primary keys

CREATE TABLE table_name( column_name1
column_type1 NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
column_name2 column_type2, ... column_nameN
column_typeN, PRIMARY KEY (column_name1))
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The CREATE Command

• autoincrement primary integer keys

CREATE TABLE table_name( column_name1
column_type1 PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL DEFAULT '0'
AUTO_INCREMENT, column_name2 column_type2,
... column_nameN column_typeN,)
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The DROP Command

• To delete databases and tables use the DROP
  command
• Examples
• DROP DATABASE db_name
• DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS db_name
• DROP TABLE table_name
• DROP TABLE IF EXISTS table_name

Note Don't confuse DROP with DELETE which
deletes rowsof a table.
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The INSERT Command

• Inserting rows into a table

INSERT INTO table_name ( col_1, col_2, ...,
col_N)VALUES ( val_1, val_2, ..., val_N)
String values are enclosed in single quotes by
defaultbut double quotes are also allowed.
Literal quotesneed to be escaped using \' and \"
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The SELECT Command (1)

• Selecting rows from a table
• Simplest form select all columns
• Select specified columns
• Conditional selection of rows

SELECT FROM table_name
SELECT column_list FROM table_name
SELECT column_list FROM table_nameWHERE
condition
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The SELECT Command (2)

• Specifying ascending row ordering
• Specifying descending row ordering

SELECT column_list FROM table_nameWHERE
conditionORDER by ASC
SELECT column_list FROM table_nameWHERE
conditionORDER by DESC
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The SELECT Command (3)

• There are many other variations of the select
  command.
• Example finding the number of records in a table
  assuming a primary key called id
• Can also perform searching using the WHERE option

SELECT COUNT(id) FROM table_name
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The UPDATE Command

• Used to modify an existing record
• Conditional update version

UPDATE table_nameSET col_1 'new_value1',...,
col_n 'new_value2'
UPDATE table_nameSET col_1 'new_value1',...,
col_n 'new_value2'WHERE condition
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marks.sql (1)
mark
studentID
first_name
last_name
markstable
USE testCREATE TABLE marks ( studentID
SMALLINT AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, first_name
VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, last_name VARCHAR(20)
NOT NULL, mark SMALLINT DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (studentID))
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marks.sql (2)
-- Insert some rows into marks table INSERT INTO
marks (first_name, last_name, mark) VALUES
('Fred', 'Jones', 78)INSERT INTO marks
(first_name, last_name, mark) VALUES ('Bill',
'James', 67)INSERT INTO marks (first_name,
last_name, mark) VALUES ('Carol', 'Smith',
82)INSERT INTO marks (first_name, last_name,
mark) VALUES ('Bob', 'Duncan', 60)INSERT INTO
marks (first_name, last_name, mark) VALUES
('Joan', 'Davis', 86)
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The Marks Table

• Selecting the complete table

SELECT FROM marks
----------------------------------------
studentID first_name last_name mark
----------------------------------------
1 Fred Jones 78
2 Bill James 67
3 Carol Smith 82 4
Bob Duncan 60 5
Joan Davis 86 ----------------
------------------------5 rows in set (0.00
sec)