Introduction to Engineering and Technology Concepts

1
Introduction to Engineering and Technology
Concepts

• Unit Two
• Chapter Six Types of Materials

2
Instructions for Success

• Each chapter of every unit will begin with a
  Mindjog. This is a warm up question that you
  should answer in your workbook in the proper
  chapter.
• Please take notes as you move through the
  presentations in the notebook that has been
  provided.
• Sections will come up in each presentation with
  an assignment notice. Turn to the section
  detailed on the slide in your workbook and
  complete the assignment before proceeding.
• Good luck!

3
Objective

• Students will classify materials according to
  standards.

4
Mindjog!

• On your worksheet, please respond to the
  following question 
• Recalling last chapters information on
  materials, what do you think the difference
  between natural, synthetic, and composite
  materials are?

5
Material World

• Materials come in all shapes and sizes and they
  are everywhere and each possesses specific
  properties.
• Materials can be classified as natural,
  synthetic, or composite.
• Natural materials occur naturally on the earth.
• Synthetic materials are human made, with the most
  common being plastics. They are developed from
  vegetable fibers (cellulose), natural gas, and
  petroleum.
• Composite materials are combinations of natural
  and synthetic. For example, concrete (Wright,
  2004).

6
Classification

• Materials that come from living organisms are
  called organic materials. For example, wood,
  cotton, and flax are products of plant fibers.
  Wool and leather come from animals. Petroleum
  and coal are products of decayed organic matter.
• Inorganic materials do not come from living
  things. For example, metals and ceramics.
• Organic and inorganic is one way to classify
  material (Wright, 2004).

7
Classification

• Some materials naturally occur on earth in a
  specific amount. Another way to classify
  material is by how fast those materials
  regenerate.
• Those that occur in a specific amount will not
  regenerate. They are exhaustible.
• Other materials have a life cycle and can be
  regenerated they are genetic materials (Wright,
  2004).

8
Classification

• Materials can also be classified by physical
  state, in the form of solid, liquids, and gases.
• Solid materials hold their size and shape. They
  have an internal structure that causes them to be
  rigid. (Wright, 2004). They can be divided up
  into these categories metals, plastics
  (polymeric), ceramics, and composites.
• Liquids are visible fluid materials that will not
  normally hold their size and shape.
• Gases are materials that easily disperse and
  expand to fill any space and have no physical
  shape (Wright, 2004).

9
Properties

• All materials exhibit a specific set of
  properties. They include
• Physical properties characteristics due to
  structure of the material.
• Mechanical Properties the reaction of the
  material to a force or load.
• Chemical Properties the reaction of the
  material to one or more chemicals.
• Thermal Properties reaction to heating and
  cooling.
• Electrical/Magnetic Properties reaction to
  electrical and magnetic forces.
• Acoustical Properties reaction to sound waves.
• Optical Properties reaction to visible light
  (Wright, 2004).

10
Information

• Knowing that materials can be categorized allows
  us to create information.
• As discussed, information is data that has been
  sorted and categorized for human use.
• Data is raw facts and figures collected by people
  and machines.
• There are three different types of information
• Scientific Information organized data about the
  laws and natural phenomena in the universe.
• Technological Information Organized data about
  the design, production, operation, maintenance,
  and service of human-made products and
  structures.
• Humanities information Organized data about the
  values and actions of individuals and society
  (Wright, 2004).

11
Assignment 1

• Please turn to the section in your workbook
  entitled, Unit Two, Chapter Six Types of
  Materials.
• Complete the extension questions under the
  Assignment 1 header before moving onto the
  next section of slides.

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BEFORE MOVING ON

• Did you complete the Assignment 1 Section
  under the Unit Two, Chapter Six Types of
  Materials section of your workbook?
• If you have, please proceed to the next slide.

13
Unit Two Completed!

• Please close this presentation and launch the
  file entitled, Unit 3, Chapter 1.

14
References

• Wright, R. (2004) Technology The
  Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc.