3Ds MAX 6.0 Term paper

1
3Ds MAX 6.0 Term paper

• Virtual Reality
• sponsored by
• Dr. Hatem Abdul-Kader.
• Prepared by
• Mahmoud Sami
• Section 3 (010116) IT
  Department

2
3Ds MAX 6.0

• Introduction
• What is the 3D graphics.
• Applications of 3D Graphics.
• What is 3Ds MAX .?
• System requirements for 3Ds max.
• Components of 3Ds MAX.
• Plugins.

3
3Ds MAX 6.0

• Into 3Ds Max 6.0
• 3Ds Max user Interface
• Main Menu.
• Main Tool bar.
• Create Panel .
• Modify Panel.
• Material Editor.
• Track View.

4
3Ds MAX 6.0

• Working with 3Ds Max.
• Objects and modeling .
• Predefined Models.
• User Designed Models.
• Modeling Techniques .
• Materials Textures
• Materials Types.
• Compound Materials.
• Lights.
• Cameras.
• Animations
• Good Scene elements.

5
3Ds MAX 6.0

• Introduction

6
Introduction

• What is the 3D graphics.
• Applications of 3D Graphics.
• What is 3Ds MAX .?
• System requirements for 3Ds max.
• Components of 3Ds MAX.
• Plugins.

7
What is the 3D Graphics.

• The 3D Graphics is one of the most important and
  sophisticated Computer graphics branches.
• It offers the user a 3Dimentional Virtual
  environment and figures can be interactive
  environment or just a watching movie or image.

8
Applications of 3D graphics.

• Entertainment and games.
• Cinema movies and Visual tricks.
• Education and Explanation Drawings and figures.
• Virtual reality application.
• Commercial announcements.
• Etc..

9
What is 3Ds MAX.

• 3Ds Max a 3D graphics programs can be used for
  generating 3D Graphics images , videos, models,
  animations, AutoCAD objects,VRML, etc ..
• 3Ds Max developed and produced by Discreet
  graphics co. www.discreet.com specialized for
  the Computer graphics . Like 3D and 2D graphics ,
  web 3D graphics ( not VRML ), video editing
  programs, etc.

10
System Requirements for 3Ds MAX.

• The Most important Computer components for 3Ds
  max are .
• VGA Card (Graphics card).
• Main Memory.
• CPU Cash.
• Monitor.

11
Requirements continue.

• VGA Card for the rendering process to be fast
  and more efficient we need a good VGA card with
  big internal memory and good processor.
• Main Memory Enables users to deal with big
  scenes , accurate detailed objects , and the
  sophisticated objects like hair , grass ,trees
  ,etc..

12
Requirements continue

• CPU cash helps the VGA card in the rendering
  process it also helps in dealing with the program
  components and controls quickly and smoothly.
• Monitor the size and colors of the monitor helps
  in the Modeling and rendering operations
  respectively.

13
Components of 3D Max.

• Main Menu the most important component of the
  3Ds Max every this that 3Ds Max can do can be
  done using the Main Menu using the main menu you
  can be in no need of all the other components
  except tools bar.
• Tools bar.
• Creation panel.
• Modify panel.
• Material Editor.
• Track view.

14
3Ds Max Components continue.

• Track View Graph editor.
• Schematic view Editor.
• All these components will be discussed in
• Details in the following slides.
• Note that not all these components are developed
  by 3Ds max team but all of these components were
  produced by them and come with the program
  package by default with out any additional
  packages installations.

15
Plugins.

• The plugins are components just like the previous
  components but not produced by 3Ds Max team and
  not included in the default program package. So
  the user can get it as a separated packages and
  install it to the max folder.
• Some common plugins
• VRay materials and rendering engine.
• Final Render Materials and rendering engine.
• Brazil Materials and Rendering engine.

16
Plugins continue.

1. Maxwell Rendering engine.
2. CAT Character Animation tool for characters
   animation.
3. After burn for smoking , clouds , fires and
   other none rigid 3D objects.
4. glu3D for creating liquids real flow animation
   and real physical liquid behaviors
5. Phoenix for creating sophisticated objects like
   hair and grass .
6. SimCloth for creating clothes and make a real
   physical animations and behaviors for it.

17
Into 3Ds Max 6.0

• 3Ds Max user Interface

18
Main Menu.

• File Contains all the file actions that can be
  done using 3Ds max like.
• new, open, open recent ,save , save as , save
  copy as , archive ( for making an archive file of
  the current scene.)
• Rest resets the current scene by removing all
  the objects in the scene and returning the scene
  to the default state.

19
File Menu continue.

1. Merge , Merge animation to merge and object or
   animation from other scene file to the current
   scene.
2. Replace to replace an object in the current
   scene with another one with the same name from
   other scene file.
3. Import Export for importing and Exporting the
   current scene to all the other file formats the
   max support like (3D max object , AutoCAD object
   ,VRML scene , etc )

20
File Menu continue.

1. XRef (3ds max Externally Referenced File) an
   externally referenced file, allow multiple
   animators and modelers to work on one scene at
   the same time without interfering with each
   other's work.can be an object or scene.
2. Archive creates a compressed archive file or a
   text file listing the scene bitmaps and their
   path names.

21
Edit Menu.

• Edit menu contains the normal editing commands
  like Undo ,Redo ,Delete ,and selection options.
• Hold saves all the objects and settings of the
  current scene temporary .
• Fetch restores the scene stored and saved by the
  hold command .

22
Edit Menu Continue.

• Clone Creates a new instance of the object that
  instance can be one of three types.
• Copy normal copy of the object.
• Instance an instance of the object any change in
  one of them will immediately occurs in the other
  one.
• Reference will create a copy referenced to that
  object any change in the parent object will occur
  at the new one but u cant change in the new one
  to change it u must change the reference from the
  modification menu which will do the change to
  both the objects the reference first then the new
  object too.

23
Tools Menu.

• Transform Type-In allows you to enter precise
  values for move, rotate, and scale objects.
• Selection floater opens a floater dialog Enables
  you to select objects in the scene.
• Display Floater contains most of the functions
  on the Display panel. You can leave the Display
  floater up while you work in your scene, making
  it easier to change viewport displays without
  changing the current command panel.

24
Tools Menu Continue.

• Layer Floater where you can create and delete
  layers. You can also view and edit the settings
  for all of the layers in your scene, as well as
  the objects associated with them.
• Light Lister Enables you to control and change a
  number of features for each light in the scene.
• Mirror enables you to move one or more objects
  while mirroring their orientation.

25
Tools Menu Continue.

• Array enables you to create an array of objects
  based on the current selection.
• Align lets you align the current selection to a
  target selection.
• Snapshot enables you to clone an animated object
  over time.

26
Group Menu.

• Enables users to deal with more than object as
  one object by grouping this objects.
• And this menu contains all the commands related
  to grouping operation like
• (Group, Ungroup, Close, Open, Attach, Detach)

27
Views Menu.

• View Menu offers the user a collection of
  commands to deal with the viewports and how
  objects are viewed in it.
• Undo undo View Change cancels the last change
  made to the current viewport.
• Redo redo View Change cancels the last Undo in
  the current viewport.
• Save Active view saves the settings of the
  active view.
• Restore Active View restores a view setting to
  the active view.
• Grids Control the setting of the grids.

28
Views Menu continue.

• Viewport Background controls the display of the
  background image in the active viewport.
• Update background updates the background image
  displayed in the active viewport .
• Reset Background Transform rescales and
  recenters the current background to fit an
  orthographic or user viewport .
• Show Transform Gizmo toggles the display of the
  Transform gizmo axis tripod for all viewports
  when objects are selected and a transform is
  active.

29
Views Menu continue.

• Ghosting displaying wireframe "ghost copies" of
  an animated object at a number of frames before
  or after the current frame.
• Key Times shows the frame numbers along a
  displayed animation trajectory. Key times
  correspond to the settings in Time-configuration
  for Frame.

30
Views Menu continue.

• Redraw All Views refreshes the display in all
  viewports.
• Activate All Maps turns on the Show Map In
  Viewport flag for all materials assigned to the
  scene.
• Deactivate All Maps turns off the Show Map In
  Viewport flag for all materials assigned to the
  scene.
• Viewport Configuration displays the viewport
  configuration dialog, You use controls on this
  dialog to set options for viewport control.

31
Create Menu.

• The most frequently and easy menu that you can
  user in 3Ds Max as well as the modify menu
  (later) we use it for creating any primitive
  object what ever it is simple ,complex ,3d ,
  2d(shapes) , dummies , helpers but all of these
  primitives and objects are predefined in the 3Ds
  Max libs.
• Continents of this menu will be discussed in the
  modeling section.

32
Modify Menu.

• Very Important menu, all the modeling process and
  operations will be done using commands in this
  menu for all kids and techniques of modeling
  (Ploy, patch, Mesh, NURBS ,etc..)
• This menu deals also with modifying of all kind
  of objects that allow modifications (simple
  primitives, complex and extended , 2d shapes
  ,compound ,etc..)
• Continents of this menu will be discussed in the
  modeling section.

33
Character Menu.

• This Menu used for creating animated characters
  after modeling the character we use this menu to
  assign an animation for this character this menu
  is for character animations only other objects
  animation can be done using another animation
  methods.

34
Character Menu Continue

• Boons tool A Bones system is a jointed,
  hierarchical linkage of bone objects that can be
  used to animate other objects or hierarchies.

35
Character Menu Continue.

• Creating bones Continue

36
Animation Menu.

• Animation Menu contains commands that control and
  create animations in the scene.
• IK solver creates an inverse kinematic solution
  to rotate and position links in a chain.
• Animation constraints are used to help automate
  the animation process. They can be used to
  control an objects position, rotation, or scale
  through a binding relationship with another
  object

37
Animation Menu.

• Make Preview makes a quickly simple render of
  the scene and save it as AVI file . In this mode
  there is no rendering features used at all ,
  this method used to check the animations in huge
  scenes where watching animation in normal
  Viewports is difficult ad slow.
• View preview views a previously made preview.
• Rename preview renames a previously made preview.

38
Graph Editors.

• This menu offers users a collection of commands
  to deal with track view and schematic view
  components.
• (track view to show the track view ,new track
  view ,save track view ,delete track view)
• (new schematic view ,save schematic view ,delete
  schematic view).

39
Render Menu.

• This menu contains all the commands and
  components that the user will need in the
  rendering operation like (render engine, render
  settings, lighting technique, Environment,
  effects ,etc ..)
• It also contains the Material Editor component
  that used for creating and editing the materials
  used in the scene.

40
Main Tool bar.

• Undo
• Redo
• Select and Link
• Unlink Selection.
• Bind to space warp.
• Selection Filter

• Select
• Select by name.
• Selection Region
• Window/cross selection
• Select and move
• Select and rotate

41
Main Tool bar.

• Select and scale.
• Reference coordinate system.
• Use Center Flyout.
• ?select and manipulate.
• (2D,2.5D,3D) snap.
• Angular snap.
• Percent Snap.
• Spinner snap.

• Named Selection set
• Named Selection set
• Mirror
• ?Alien.
• Layer Selection.
• Curve Editor.
• Schematic Editor.
• Material Editor.
• Render.

42
Create Panel .

• Geometry creates renderable 3D geometries (
  standard ,extended , compound , etc)
• Shapes create the 2D shapes used in the scene.
• Lights creates lights ( omnie , target spot,
  target direct , free spot , free target , ski
  light ,etc).
• Camera creates the Cameras that will be used in
  the scene theres two kinds of cameras ( target
  or Free camera).
• Helpers create the helpers objects that 3Ds Max
  offers ( dummies, Measurements , etc ..)
• Space Wrapper create space wrappers that can be
  applied to Geometry objects to effect it.
• Systems combine objects, controllers, and
  hierarchies to provide geometry associated with
  some kind of behavior

43
Modify Panel.

• This panel contain the object that you want to
  modify and rollout for all its parameters.
• Modifier list to apply a modifier to that
  object.
• Modification stack contains all the
  modification that have been applied to the object
  ordered from old to latest modifiers applied.
• Parameters rollout and any other rollout
  associated to the selected modifier from the
  modification stack.
• This panel is used to modify and edit the objects
  it the main toll that will be used in objects
  modeling and designing.

44
Material Editor.

• This component is used for creating and editing
  the materials that exist in the scene.
• This component contains list of all the materials
  that exist in the scene with a collection of new
  materials (slandered materials) for creating new
  materials.
• It contains list of rollout that enables the
  users to modify the parameters and
  characteristics of the materials to create new
  materials.
• Like the color , texture , reflection ,
  refraction (transparency), self lamination ,
  etc..
• It offers the users a collection of predefined
  Materials saved in the material library files
  open from the material browser.

45
Track View.

• Enables the users to deal with the objects
  parameters over the time as curves that can be
  edited to edit the movement or animation behavior
  of this parameter over the time.

46
3Ds Max 6.0

• Working with 3Ds Max.

47
Working with 3Ds Max.

• To Create a good quality scene or image using 3Ds
  max theres some requirement that must exist in
  the scene in order to produce a good product.
• The object.
• Materials.
• Lights.
• Cameras.
• Animations.

48
Objects.

• The objects that can be represented in the scene
  can be predefined primitives and models or user
  designed models.

49
Predefined Models.

• Standard primitives the simple primitives
  offered by 3Ds Max like ( box, sphere , cylinder
  , tours , etc .) can be created from the create
  panel or the create menu.
• Extended primitives more complex primitives
  that are defined and offered by 3Ds Max like
  (chamfer box, chamfer cylinder, capsule , hose ,
  hedra , oil tank , etc ..)

50
User Designed Models.

• Any model that have been designed and modeled by
  the user is a User Designed model. Theres so many
  modeling techniques like (poly , mesh , patch and
  NURBS ) modeling.

51
Modeling Techniques .

• Poly and Mesh are very similar but the poly is
  better than the mesh it has more modeling tools
  and more flexible than the mesh modeling it can
  be considered as an developed version of the mesh
  modeling.
• NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines) is a
  technique for interactively modeling 3D curves
  and surfaces.
• Patch the same as the ploy but with different
  tools for modeling.

52
Materials Textures

• Theres a a difference between the material and
  the texture.
• Texture is the image or the picture the will be
  applied to one property of the Material like
  (diffusion color , opacity , bump , reflection
  , etc.. ).
• To apply a texture to a model we apply the
  texture of image to the diffuse property of the
  material associated to the model.
• The material is the skin that covers the model
  theres a set of properties associated to each
  material changing these properties produces a
  different material .

53
Materials Textures continue.

• Diffuse the color or texture of the material.
• Opacity the transparency of the material.
• Self Illumination the self shining degree of
  the object color or texture.
• Bump to assign a prominence texture to the
  material (to increase the details of the objects
  with out the need for complicated modeling.)
• Reflection to assign a reflection map to an
  object to represent the global environment
  reflection that can occur on the object if it was
  really reflective object.

54
Materials Types.

• Standard Material the default material
  supported by the 3Ds Max and have all the
  previous properties .
• Raytrace creates fully raytraced reflections and
  refractions. It also supports fog, color density,
  translucency, fluorescence.
• Architectural provides a physically accurate
  material. It is especially intended for use with
  the default scanline renderer and radiosity.
• Mental ray are provided for use with the mental
  ray render.

55
Materials Types continue.

• Matt\Shadow is specifically for making an object
  into a matt object that reveals the current
  environment map. A matte object is effectively
  invisible in the scene, but it can receive
  shadows cast onto it from other objects.
• Shell is for storing and viewing rendered
  textures.
• Advanced Light override is used to fine-tune the
  effects of a material on radiosity or the light
  tracer. This material is not required for
  calculating advanced lighting, but it can help
  improve the result.

56
Materials Types continue.

• LightScape helps support import and export of
  data from the Lightscape product.
• Ink 'n Paint gives a cartoon appearance to
  objects.
• The DirectX 9 Shader enables you to shade
  objects in viewports using DirectX 9 (DX9)
  shaders. To use this material, you must have a
  display driver that supports DirectX 9, and you
  must be using the Direct3D display driver.
• Other material types fall into the category of
  Compound materials

57
Compound Materials.

• Blend mixes two materials on a single side of a
  surface.
• Composite mixes up to 10 materials, using
  additive colors, subtractive colors, or opacity
  mixing.
• Double-Sided lets you assign different materials
  to the front and back faces of an object.
• Morpher uses the Morpher modifier to manage
  multiple materials over time.
• Multi/Sub-Object uses the sub-object level to
  assign multiple materials to a single object,
  based on material ID values.
• Shellac material superimposes one material on
  another using additive composition.
• Top/Bottom material lets you assign different
  materials to the top and bottom of faces of an
  object.

58
Lights.

• Lights are objects that simulate real lights such
  as household or office lamps, the light
  instruments used in stage and film work, and the
  sun itself. Different kinds of light objects cast
  light in different ways, emulating different
  kinds of real-world light sources.

59
Target Spotlight.

• A spotlight casts a focused beam of light like a
  flashlight, a follow spot in a theater, or a
  headlight. A target spotlight uses a target
  object to aim the camera.

60
Free Spotlight.

• A spotlight casts a focused beam of light like a
  flashlight, a follow spot in a theater, or a
  headlight. Unlike a targeted spotlight, a Free
  Spot has no target object. You can move and
  rotate the free spot to aim it in any direction.

61
Targeted Directional lights.

• Directional lights cast parallel light rays in a
  single direction, as the sun does (for all
  practical purposes) at the surface of the earth.
  Directional lights are primarily used to simulate
  sunlight. You can adjust the color of the light
  and position and rotate the light in 3D space.

62
Free Directional lights.

• Unlike a targeted directional light, a Free
  Direct light has no target object. You can move
  and rotate the light object to aim it in any
  direction.

63
Omni light.

• An Omni light casts rays in all directions from a
  single source. Omni lights are useful for adding
  "fill lighting" to your scene, or simulating
  point source lights

64
Skylight light.

• The Skylight light models daylight. It is meant
  for use with the Light Tracer You can set the
  color of the sky or assign it a map. The sky is
  modeled as a dome above the scene.

65
Cameras.

• Cameras present a scene from a particular point
  of view. Camera objects simulate still-image,
  motion picture, or video cameras in the real
  world.

66
Animation.

• The basic way to animate is quite simple. You
  animate the transform parameters of any object to
  change its position, rotation, and scale over
  time. Turning on the Auto Key button, then moving
  the time slider places you in a state in which
  any changes you make will create animation for
  the selected objects in the viewport.

67
Animation Types.

• There is a lot of animation types supported by
  3Ds Max.
• Standard animation changing the objects
  parameters on time using key frames then the
  program will calculate the intermediate frames .
• Constrains animation where the object animated
  using a certain constrain (sound wav, path, noise
  , etc..)
• Motion Capture Animation motion capture
  animation is an animation method where humans use
  machines to capture their movement to assign it
  to other 3D character models or any other model.

68
Animation Types.

• Characters Animation where user can use a
  certain behavior in the animation (steps , speed
  , etc ..).
• IK animation type of animation used to animate
  Machines and electronic robots where the arms of
  the object animated under certain constrains and
  behavior (can be used for character animation .)
• Physical Computation where you assign a
  physical parameters to each object on the scene
  and global environmental physical values like
  (gravity , wind direction , wind speed , objects
  mass , etc ..)

69
Good Scene Requirements.

1. Accurately Modeled Models.
2. High level Detailed materials.
3. Accurate lights distribution (supporting indirect
   lights will increase the image realty in a good
   way )
4. Cameras ( the picturing process and the setting
   of the camera helps in increasing the final image
   quality .)
5. Global Environment .
6. Animation.
7. Special Effects. (if needed)