Think About

1
Think About

1. What might cause you to decide to leave the
   United States for another country?
2. Where would you go?
3. Why?

2
Motives to Migrate

• Push-Pull Factors and Regions of Dislocation

3
Voluntary Migration

• Push Factors
• What makes a person leave a place
• Pull Factors
• What makes a place attractive to new migrants

4
Push Factors

• Economic
• Poverty
• Unemployment
• Political
• Repression
• Losing side

5
After the Civil War, over 1,000 confederate
families left the US and went to
Brazil!
6
Push Factors

• Armed Conflict and War
• Refugees
• Environmental Conditions
• Drought
• Disaster
• Culture
• Religion
• Language

7
Environmental Push
Indian Ocean Tsunami, 2004
Irish Potato Famine, 1840s
8
Cultural Push
Muslims leave India after 1947 Partition
9
Forced Migration

• Involuntary
• Economic
• Slavery
• Ethnic Cleansing
• Eugenics
• Purity

10
Ethnic Cleansing, 1940s

• Redrawn borders after WWII
• Poles displace Germans
• Germans displace Poles

11
Ethnic Cleansing, 1990s

• Bosnian War
• Former Yugoslavia
• Bosnians
• Croats
• Serbs
• 100,000 killed
• 1.8 Million displaced

12
Before and After
13
Trail of Tears

• Forcible removal of Cherokee from Carolinas to
  Oklahoma in 1838
• Over 4,000 die en route

14
Pull Factors

• Opportunity
• Security
• Kinship Links
• Chain Migration

15
Chain Migration
16
Chain Migration

• Russian immigrants to NYC more concentrated due
  to chain migration
• Irish immigrants more diffuse longer history in
  US

1910
17
Critical Thinking

• How has US immigration policy encouraged chain
  migration?

18
Major Migrations
19
Regions of Dislocation

• Three major regions
• Sub-Saharan Africa
• Tutsi-Hutu Conflict
• Rwanda
• The Congo (Zaïre)
• Burundi

20
Sub-Saharan Africa

• Darfur
• Arab Muslims v. African Muslims
• Genocide
• Refugees throughout region
• Somalia
• Lawless
• Spilling over to neighbors

21
North Africa/Southwest Asia

• Israeli-Palestinian conflict
• Lebanon
• Iraq/Afghanistan

22
South Asia

• Pakistan
• Mostly refugees from Afghanistan
• Sri Lanka
• Civil war
• Tamils

23
Other Areas

• Southeast Asia
• Vietnam War
• Burma
• Europe
• Former Yugoslavia
• South America
• Colombia

24
Thinking Critically

• What factors need to be considered when
  repatriating refugees?