Resources and Physical Regions of Africa

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Resources and Physical Regions of Africa
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Energy Resources- pg 48

• Oils is found along the Atlantic coast from
  Nigeria to Angola
• Also in Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Chad, Sudan.
• Coal is found in Nigeria, DRC, South Africa
• Hydroelectric power is harnessed through rivers
  in countries like Ghana

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Metals- pg 49

• Iron Ore and Chromium are found in Tunisia,
  Zimbabwe
• Uranium and Copper are also found here.

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Precious Metals

• Gold, platinum, chromium, manganese.
• Gemstones include diamonds, rubies, emeralds, and
  sapphires.

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Sahara Desert

• Worlds largest desert
• The Atlas Mountains acts as a barrier between the
  desert and the Mediterranean Sea.
• Because of its location, the Sahara has been a
  trade route.
• The Sahara Region is defined by its climate, not
  its national borders
• Cairo, Egypt is most populous area and is
  important to trade due to Suez Canal
• Libya discovered oil
• Morocco benefits from coastal location (climate)

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Sahara- Questions Answered

• Describe the Climate of this region-
• Dry, arid, mostly desert
• What natural resources are available?
• Oil, Iron ore, silver, zinc, gold, coal
• Morocco olives, citrus fruits, and grapes
• What do people do for a living?
• Nomadic trade/herding, agriculture,
• What are the most populous areas of this region?
  Why?
• Cairo, Nile River, Coasts
• Climate, water
• What type of transportation is used in this
  region? Why?
• Camels, roadways along coast. Difficult to
  maintain roads with sand.

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Sahel Region

• Strip of semi-arid land just south of the Sahara.
• In a drought since 1970s
• Some areas are rich in natural resources, but due
  to conflict and poor living condition, not much
  profit is gained from these exports. Many are
  moving to cities.
• Relies heavily on farming, so weather issues such
  as drought can be devastating.
• Many areas are without electricity, running
  water, or proper sewers
• The Sahel has many different kinds of
  environments including forests, plateaus,
  grasslands, and desert.

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Name the countries that contain parts of the
sahel region.
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Sahel- Questions Answered

• Describe the Climate of this region-
• Very Dry, almost desert
• What natural resources are available?
• Gold, uranium, and oil
• What do people do for a living?
• Nomadic Herding, farming
• What are the most populous areas of this region?
  Why?
• Many are moving to the cities due to poor
  conditions
• What type of transportation is used in this
  region? Why?
• Foot, animal, some roadways to the southern part
  of the region. Lack of money to build roads.

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The Savanna

• Tropical grasslands with scattered trees.
• Home to amazing variety of wildlife.
• The Serengeti Plain is a famous migration area in
  Kenya
• 1/3 of Kenya nation is grazing land for cattle,
  goats, and sheep.
• Coffee and tea are major exports of this nation.

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Savannah Questions Answered

• Describe the Climate of this region-
• S- Some/seasonal rain
• What natural resources are available?
• S coffee, tea
• What do people do for a living?
• S- herding, farming, tourism
• What are the most populous areas of this region?
  Why?
• S- Large cities such as Nairobi
• What type of transportation is used in this
  region? Why?
• S- Roadways and foot

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Rainforest of the Congo

• Western Africa is home to the tropical
  rainforest.
• This is a dense evergreen forest with an annual
  rainfall of 60 inches.
• Shrinking due to deforestation and over-farming
• These economies are based on
• Congo mining petroleum
• Rwanda farming
• Ghana cacao, gold and diamond export

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Rainforest Questions Answered

• Describe the Climate of this region-
• Rain all year/seasonal rain
• What natural resources are available?
• Timber, gold, diamonds, cacao, oil,
• What do people do for a living?
• Mining, lumber, farming, hunting
• What are the most populous areas of this region?
  Why?
• Cities, near freshwater lakes
• Jobs and water
• What type of transportation is used in this
  region? Why?
• Some roadways, railroad, foot
• Dense forest

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• Other Regions to know

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Ethiopian Highlands

• Area of mountains and plateaus that covers part
  of Ethiopia that are divided by the Great Rift
  Valley.
• Ethiopia is a poor nation that depends on
  subsistence farming.
• Deforestation, bad farming practices, and drought
  have led to severe food shortages.
• Main export is coffee.

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Predict why Ethiopia is not able to established
successful trading in order to help their
economy?
Ethiopia is landlocked. This means that is
surrounded by land and is not easily assessable
to waterways.
Due to their lack of money, they have a poor
network of roads, which also hampers trade.
Many African Nation have natural resources, but
do not have the money to extract the resources.
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Great Lakes Region

• In Eastern Africa there are 15 lakes in this
  region.
• Lake Victoria is the largest and is fed by the
  Congo River
• Lake Tanganyika is the deepest.
• The countries of this region include Rwanda,
  Congo, Burundi, Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya.

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Southern Africa

• This region is a major producer of gold, coal,
  diamonds, and platinum.
• Despite its natural wealth many Southern African
  nations live in poverty.
• The white minority of southern Africa controls
  the wealth of the mining industry.
• Some physical feature of this area are Kalahari
  Desert, and the Drakensberg Mountains, as well as
  many game reserves and national parks.

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Physical Features Continued

• Kilimanjaro
• Nile, Kalahari, Equator
• Ngorongoro Crater

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Kilimanjaro
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Nile, Kalahari. Equator
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Ngorongoro Crater