Iroquois, Mingo, and Wyandot

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Iroquois, Mingo, and Wyandot

• Chapter 1, Section 4

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Historic Indians

• By 1650 ? Historic Indian groups came to Ohio
• Lived after written history
• Did not have their own written languages, however
  Europeans who met them did.
• Written records from Europeans tell us a great
  deal about these Native Americans.

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Native American Legends

• Stories, songs, and legends can also tell us much
  about early Native Americans
• Legends ?stories passed down over time
• Used to explain how everything in the world came
  to be
• Used to tell a tribes history

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Native American Legends

• Tribe ? a group that shares the same language and
  has the same leaders
• Legends often told how tribes first came to be
• Legends provide clues about how the people saw
  their world
• Tell much about a tribes history and culture

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Cultures and Conflict

• Tribes used natural resources to survive, and to
  make goods for trade
• Traded with each other for the resources they
  didnt have
• Sometimes fought each other for control of land
  and resources

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Cultures and Conflict

• By early 1600s, Europeans began to settle in
  parts of North America
• Settlements grew and spread into Native American
  territory --- conflict

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Cultures and Conflict

• Europeans and Native Americans traded
• Native Americans traded animal skins and furs for
  European goods such as cloth, glass, and metal
  tools and weapons
• As fur trade increased, so did the demand for
  furs
• Led to conflicts between Native Americans over
  hunting lands

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The Iroquois

• 1650 ? came to Ohio from the Northeast
• powerful fought and drove out other tribes who
  lived around Lake Erie and along Ohios rivers

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The Iroquois

• Mostly wanted to hunt and trap animals in Ohio
  did NOT want to settle there
• Fished, hunted deer, beavers, foxes, and mink
• Became a major source of furs for European
  traders
• Gathered nuts and fruits, grew corn, beans, and
  squash

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The Iroquois

• Lived in villages and built large wooden homes
  called longhouses
• Wooden poles frame sheets of bark cover
• Small fires kept burning inside
• Several families lived in one longhouse ? clan
• Clans were led by women and often named after
  animals
• Put their crest at their longhouse entrance

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The Iroquois

• Each family slept on a platform
• Weapons, tools, and baskets stored underneath
• Pots, food, skins stored on shelves above the
  platform

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The Mingo

• Related to the Iroquois spoke an Iroquois
  language and had similar customs also known as
  the Seneca
• mid-1770s ? moved to Ohio from the east
• Lived along the riverbanks of the Scioto and
  Sandusky Rivers in longhouses.
• Communities develops near present-day Columbus

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The Mingo

• The tribe was formed by members of the Iroquois
  and other tribes.
• Some were hunters who had left the Iroquois
• Others were members of tribes who had been
  defeated by the Iroquois

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The Mingo

• At first, lived peacefully with the Iroquois
• Treated as equals by the Iroquois
• Members of the Mingo tribe were not allowed to
  serve as Iroquois leaders
• Began to act more like their own tribe over time
• 1750 ? conflicts with the Iroquois and European
  settlers pushed the Mingo tribe into eastern Ohio

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The Wyandot

• 1650 ? Iroquois attacked tribes near Ontario to
  gain hunting land
• Wyandot formed from tribes fleeing the Iroquois
• mid-1700s ? moved into northern Ohio from Canada
• Settled mainly in villages along the Sandusky
  River and the Huron River

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The Wyandot

• Their language is related to the Iroquois
  language
• Lived in longhouses
• Women leaders chose the Wyandot chiefs
• Fierce warriors
• Strongly resisted European settlements near where
  they lived