Compare

1
Compare Contrast Judaism, Christianity, Islam

• Part 2 Religion
• Unit 4 The Middle East

2
Goals

• Understand the historical origins, central
  beliefs, and diffusion of the three religions.
• Compare and contrast identify similarities and
  differences between the three religions.

3
Historical Origins

• Vocabulary
• Middle East

• Notes
• It is not surprising that the three religions
  share many similarities, because they all began
  in the Middle East.

4
Historical Origins

• Vocabulary
• Abraham

• Notes
• According to Jewish tradition, because of an
  agreement between Abraham and Yahweh, his
  descendents would be the Chosen Ones.
• People that practice Judaism are known as Jews.
• Abraham is an important person to both
  Christianity and Judaism.

5
Historical Origins

• Vocabulary
• Jesus

• Notes
• Jesus was a Jew.
• Christianity would be base on the life and
  teachings of Jesus, who was seen as the Messiah.
• Christianity would really start after Jesus was
  executed by the Romans.
• People that practice Christianity are known as
  Christians.

6
Historical Origins

• Vocabulary
• Muhammad

• Notes
• According to Islam, Muhammad was visited by the
  angel Gabriel, a messenger of Allah.
• Muhammad is consider to be the last prophet of
  Allah.
• People that practice Islam are known as Muslims.

7
Central Beliefs

• Vocabulary
• Monotheism

• Notes
• All three religions worship one god.
• Yahweh is Hebrew for I am, and is the name of
  their god.
• God is one term used by Christians to refer to
  Yahweh.
• Allah is Arabic for God. Muslims belief that they
  worship the same god as the Jews and Christians.

8
Central Beliefs

• Rules/Guidelines

• All three religions have rules/guidelines that
  teach how people should live their lives.
• The Ten Commandments are important to all three
  religions, and can be found in their sacred text.

9
Central BeliefsSimilarities between the Five
Pillars of Islam and in practice/belief of
Judaism and Christianity
Five Pillars Islam Judaism Christianity
Charity X X X
Prayer X X X
Belief in One God X X X
Fasting X
The Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca, the Holiest City in Islam) X
10
Central Beliefs

• Vocabulary
• Messiah

• Notes
• Both Jews and Christians believe in a Messiah, a
  savior.
• Christians believe the Messiah is Jesus.
• Jews believe that the Messiah has not come.

11
Central Beliefs

• Vocabulary
• Jesus

• Notes
• Christians believe that Jesus is the Messiah, and
  the son of God.
• Jews and Muslims believe that Jesus was a good
  person.
• Muslims believe that Jesus was a prophet.

12
Central Beliefs

• Jerusalem

• Notes
• Jerusalem is an important city to all three
  religions.
• For Jews, it is the site of the last wall to the
  Temple of Solomon.
• For Christians it is the site of where Jesus was
  executed and crucified.
• For Muslims, it is the site of the Dome of the
  Rock, a mosque, and the place where Muhammad
  ascended to Heaven.

13
Diffusion

• Vocabulary
• Trade Routes

• Notes
• During the Roman Empire, Christianity would
  spread throughout the region surrounding the
  Mediterranean Sea.
• The Disciples of Jesus, especially Peter, would
  travel throughout the Roman Empire.
• Islam would spread on trade routes throughout the
  Middle East, North Africa, and Asia.

14
Diffusion

• Vocabulary
• Migration

• Notes
• Judaism primarily spread through the migration of
  Jews.
• For example, the Romans forced the Jews from
  Jerusalem and moved them throughout the Roman
  Empire.

15
Diffusion

• Vocabulary
• Sacred Text

• Notes
• All three religions have a sacred text that
  contains the teaching of their respective
  religion.
• The Torah is the sacred text of Judaism, and is
  the first five books of the Old Testament of the
  Christian Bible.
• The Bible is the sacred text of Christianity. The
  Gospels are a recording of the teachings of
  Jesus.
• The Quran is the sacred text of Islam. The
  Quran was recorded by followers of Muhammad.

16
Diffusion

• Vocabulary
• Teachers
• Place of Worship

• Notes
• Rabbi Judaism Priest Christianity Imam
  Islam
• Synagogue Judaism Church Christianity
  Mosque Islam