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Topographic Maps

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Topographic Maps Topic 2.2 Regents Earth Science Gradient aka: slope The rate of change between 2 places within a field Equation ESRT page 1 field A region in space ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Topographic Maps


1
Topographic Maps
  • Topic 2.2
  • Regents Earth Science

2
Gradient aka slope
  • The rate of change between 2 places within a field

3
Equation ESRT page 1
fv
g
d
4
field
  • A region in space that has some measurable value
    at every point in that region
  • Examples - the amount of rainfall - the odor
    of food along Grant Ave - wind speed

5
Field map
  • A map on which the field values are plotted

6
Isolines connect points of
  • Equal value on a field map

7
Isotherms connect points of equal
  • temperature

8
Temperature field map
9
Isobars connect points of equal
  • Air pressure

10
Air pressure field map
11
Contour lines connect points of equal
  • elevation

12
Elevation field map
Contour line
Contour line
Contour lines are brown on topographic maps.
13
Topographic Maps aka contour maps
  • A map on which elevations of the surface are
    shown by lines
  • The contour lines make a picture of the land
    surface
  • Colors and symbols are used to show natural and
    manmade features

14
Contour Pictures
15
Index contour
  • Thicker contour line that is labeled with the
    elevation

16
Index contour
17
Contour interval
  • The difference in elevation between 2 consecutive
    contour lines

18
Contour interval 20 meters
980
1020
980
Scale of miles
19
depression
  • A crater or a dip on a map (the elevation goes
    down here instead of up)
  • Shown by contour lines that are marked on the
    inside
  • These marks are called hachure lines

20
depression
21
Reading depression contours
  • The first one is read at the same elevation as
    the ordinary contour line that comes before it.
  • After that, each contour line is lower than the
    one before by an amount equal to the contour
    interval.

22
Depression
23
Bench mark
  • A place where the exact elevation is measured and
    marked

24
Bench mark
25
Bench mark
26
Gradient
  • Where the contour lines are far apart, the land
    is flatter with a gentle slope. (small gradient)

27
flat
28
Gradient
  • Where the contour lines are close together, the
    land is steep. (high gradient)

29
steepest
steep
30
How are streams shown?
  • Contour lines bend uphill when they cross streams
  • The v points uphill so the stream flows in the
    opposite direction

31
uphill
The V
downhill
The Moose Creek flows southeast.
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